The Stamps of Canada. Bertram W. H. Poole
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Bertram W. H. Poole
The Stamps of Canada
Published by Good Press, 2019
EAN 4064066193591
Table of Contents
Chapter I. — Its Postal History.
Chapter II. — A Postmaster's Provisional.
Chapter III. — The First Issue.
Chapter IV. — The Second Issue.
Chapter V. — The Perforated Pence Stamps.
Chapter VI. — The First “Cents” Issue.
Chapter VII. — The First Dominion Issue.
Chapter VIII. — The 1c Orange of 1869.
Chapter IX. — The Large 5c Stamp.
Chapter X. — The Small “Cents” Stamps.
Chapter XI. — The 20c and 50c Stamps of 1893.
Chapter XII. — The 8c Stamp of 1893.
Chapter XIII. — The Diamond Jubilee Issue.
Chapter XIV. — The “Maple Leaf” Issue of 1897.
Chapter XV. — The “Numeral” Issue of 1898.
Chapter XVI. — The “Map” Stamp of 1898.
Chapter XVII. — The “2 Cents” Provisionals.
Chapter XVIII. — The Bi-sected Provisionals.
Chapter XIX. — The 2c Carmine.
Chapter XX. — The 20c Value of 1900.
Chapter XXI. — The Queen Victoria Seven Cents.
Chapter XXII. — The King Edward Issue.
Chapter XXIII. — The Quebec Tercentenary Issue.
Introduction.
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Canada was originally the French colony of New France, which comprised the range of territory as far west as the Mississippi, including the Great Lakes. After the war of independence it was confined to what are now the provinces of Quebec and Ontario—then known as Upper and Lower Canada. At the confederation (1867) it included only these two provinces, with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia; and since then it has been extended by purchase (1870), by accession of other provinces (British Columbia in 1871 and Prince Edward Island in 1873), and by imperial order in council (1880), until it includes all the north American continent north of United States territory, with the exception of Alaska and a strip of the Labrador coast administered by Newfoundland, which still remains outside the Dominion of Canada. On the Atlantic the chief indentations which break its shores are the Bay of Fundy (remarkable for its tides), the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and Hudson Bay (a huge expanse of water with an area of about 350,000 square miles); and the Pacific coast, which is small relatively, is remarkably broken up by fjord-like indentations. Off the coast are many islands, some of them of considerable magnitude—Prince Edward Is., Cape Breton Is., and Anticosti being the most considerable on the Atlantic side, Vancouver and Queen Charlotte Is. on the Pacific; and in the extreme north is the immense Arctic archipelago, bound in perpetual ice.
The surface of the country east of the great lakes is diversified, but characterised by no outstanding features. Two ranges of hills skirt the St. Lawrence—that on the north, the Laurentians, stretching 3,500 miles from Lake Superior to the Atlantic, while the southern range culminates in the bold capes and cliffs of Gaspé. The St. Lawrence and its tributaries form the dominating physical feature in this section, the other rivers being the St. John, the Miramichi, and the Restigouche in New Brunswick. Eastern Canada is practically the Canadian part of the St. Lawrence valley, (330,000 square miles), and the great physical feature is the system of lakes with an area of 90,000 square miles. In addition to the tributaries of the St. Lawrence already mentioned, the Dominion boasts the Fraser, the Thompson, and the greater part of the Columbia River in British Columbia; the Athabasca and Peace Rivers, which flow into Lake Athabasca, and out of it as the Slave River, which in its turn issues from the Great Slave Lake and flows into the Arctic Ocean as the Mackenzie