Photovoltaism, Agriculture and Ecology. Martine Hossaert-McKey
Table of Contents
1 Cover
6 Introduction How can we combine energy and ecological transition?
7 1 Photovoltaics: Concepts and Challenges 1.1. Brief description of the different photovoltaic cell technologies 1.2. Different types of photovoltaic installations 1.3. Legislation 1.4. Advantages of photovoltaics 1.5. Disadvantages of photovoltaics 1.6. Some figures on the environmental footprint compared to other energy sources 1.7. Origin of the silicon needed for the construction of photovoltaic cells 1.8. End of life of solar panels 1.9. Degree of maturity of material recycling 1.10. Location and mode of development of photovoltaics
8 2 Photovoltaic Energy Production and Agricultural Activity: Agrivoltaics 2.1. Definition–legislation–adaptation and evolution of techniques 2.2. Food crops
9 3 Innovative Principle of Ecovoltaics 3.1. Definition and concept 3.2. State of the art: feedback 3.3. Assessment – issues 3.4. Perspectives
10 Appendices
11 Appendix 1 Secondary Metabolites and Defense Molecules of Eagle Fern A1.1. Prunasin A1.2. Ptaquiloside (also called aquilide A) A1.3. Thiaminase I (antithiamine) A1.4. Other metabolites
12 Appendix 2 Secondary Metabolites and Defense Molecules of Alder Buckthorn
13 Appendix 3 Secondary Metabolites and Defense Molecules of Rhubarb A3.1. Carboxylic acids A3.2. Minerals A3.3. Anthraquinones A3.4. Stilbenes A3.5. Flavonoids
14 References
15 Index
List of Illustrations
1 IntroductionFigure I.1. Some numerical data illustrating global warmingFigure I.2. The climate agreement, Paris, December 2015. The photograph shows La...Figure I.3. A necessary energy and ecological transitionFigure I.4. Structure of the book
2 Chapter 1Figure 1.1. Photograph of Edmond Becquerel by NadarFigure 1.2. Photovoltaic effectFigure 1.3. Global depletion of mineral resources (Hunt et al. 2015). For a colo...Figure 1.4. French solar energy potential...Figure 1.5. Photovoltaic power in France, 2018....Figure 1.6. Photovoltaics and solar radiation capture surfaces...Figure 1.7. Cost of electricity production in 2020...Figure 1.8. Breakdown of direct and indirect primary energy consumption in agric...Figure 1.9. Agricultural shed with photovoltaic roof in the vineyards of Juranço...Figure 1.10. Solar facade of a Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole business cente...Figure 1.11. The airport photovoltaic area of MontpellierFigure 1.12. Large EDF solar park in the Atacama Desert, Chile; 700 hectare sola...Figure 1.13. World map of global solar irradiance (annual and daily average) (so...Figure 1.14. Omega 1 floating solar power plant in the commune of Piolenc (PACA ...
3 Chapter 2Figure 2.1. Photovoltaic farm with spaced static panelsFigure 2.2. Photovoltaic farm with modules mounted on piles with alternating cul...Figure 2.3. Example of vertical photovoltaic panels, solar farm in Donaueschinge...Figure 2.4. Solar park with vertical photovoltaic panels in Eppelborn, Dirmingen...Figure 2.5. Operation of the dynamic technology (example of Sun’Agri, France). F...Figure 2.6A. Different systems for combining agricultural production and electri...Figure 2.6B. Different systems for combining agricultural production and electri...Figure 2.7. First Agrienergy greenhouses in the Pacific, Focola site in New Cale...Figure 2.8. Fishponds of the Etang-Salé solar aquaculture farm in Reunion Island...Figure 2.9. Bassin de Thau, Occitanie, France: a place of innovation in the fiel...Figure 2.10. Solar panels installed in vineyards at Domaine de Nidolères, France...Figure 2.11. Strawberry cultivation under photovoltaic panels; Babberich, Hollan...Figure 2.12. Solar field and lemongrass cultivation in Pierrefonds, Reunion Isla...Figure 2.13. Photovoltaics and livestock; maintenance of a park by a flock of sh...Figure 2.14. Influence of a photovoltaic system on soil moisture and water