An Introduction to Testing for Drugs of Abuse. William E. Schreiber

      1  Cover

      2  Title Page

      3  Copyright Page

      4  Preface

      5  Section I: Substance Use, Drug Metabolism, and the Testing Process 1 Introduction What Is a Drug? How Drugs Work Drug Misuse and Abuse Terminology Economic Impact of Drug Abuse Controlled Substance Schedules Why Test for Drugs of Abuse? What You Will Find in This Book General references Further Reading 2 How the Body Handles Drugs Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion Further Reading 3 Specimen Collection Types of Specimens Specimen Validity Testing Further Reading 4 Screening Tests How Immunoassays Work Labels for Competitive Immunoassays Types of Assays Why Immunoassays Sometimes Fail Point‐of‐Care Immunoassays Further Reading 5 Confirmation Tests What is Chromatography? Thin‐Layer Chromatography (TLC) Gas Chromatography (GC) Liquid Chromatography (LC) Mass Spectrometry (MS) Further Reading

      6  Section II: Individual Drugs 6 Cocaine How Cocaine Works Physiological Effects Therapeutic Uses Potential for Abuse Metabolism Testing for Cocaine Case Studies Further Reading 7 Amphetamines How Amphetamines Work Physiological Effects Therapeutic Uses Potential for Abuse Individual Drugs Testing for Amphetamines Case Studies Further Reading 8 Benzodiazepines and Z‐drugs Benzodiazepines Z‐Drugs Case Studies Further Reading 9 Other Sedative‐Hypnotic Drugs Barbiturates Gamma‐Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Chloral Hydrate Case Studies Further Reading 10 Opioids How Opioids Work Physiological Effects Therapeutic Uses Potential for Abuse Individual Drugs Testing for Opioids Case Studies Further Reading 11 Cannabinoids How