Enduring Violence. Cecilia Menjívar

      UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS

      Berkeley • Los Angeles • London

      University of California Press, one of the most

      distinguished university presses in the United States,

      enriches lives around the world by advancing

      scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and

      natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC

      Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions

      from individuals and institutions. For more

      information, visit www.ucpress.edu.

      University of California Press

      Berkeley and Los Angeles, California

      University of California Press, Ltd.

      London, England

      © 2011 by The Regents of the University of California

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Menjívar, Cecilia

      Enduring violence: Ladina women's lives in

      Guatemala / Cecilia Menjívar.

      p. cm.

      ISBN 978-0-520-26766-4 (cloth : alk. paper)

      ISBN 978-0-520-26767-1 (pbk. : alk. paper)

      I. Women—Guatemala—Social conditions.

      2. Women—Violence against—Guatemala.

      3. Ladino (Latin American people)—Violence

      against—Guatemala. 4. Violence—Guatemala.

      I. Title.

       HQ1477.M46 2011

       305.48'969420972814—dc22 2010037628

      Manufactured in the United States of America

      20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

      10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

      This book is printed on 50# Enterprise, a 30%

      post consumer waste, recycled, de-inked fiber and

      processed chlorine free. It is acid-free, and meets all

      ANSI/NISO (Z 39.48) requirements.

       To

       P. C. de Ch.P. Ch. vda. de S.J. A. Ch.M. Ch. M.M. A. Ch.In Memoriam

      U.N. Declaration on the

      Elimination of Violence

      against Women

      ARTICLE 1:

      For the purposes of this Declaration, the term “violence against women” means any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life.

      ARTICLE 2:

      Violence against women shall encompass, but is not limited to the following:

      (a) Physical, sexual and psychological violence occurring in the family, including battering, sexual abuse of female children in the household, dowry-related violence, marital rape, female genital mutilation and other traditional practices harmful to women, non-spousal violence and violence related to exploitation;

      (b) Physical, sexual and psychological violence occurring within the general community, including rape, sexual abuse, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educational institutions and elsewhere, trafficking in women and forced prostitution;

      (c) Physical, sexual and psychological violence perpetrated or condoned by the state, wherever it occurs.

      ARTICLE 3:

      Women are entitled to the equal enjoyment and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field. These rights include, inter alia:

      (a) The right to life;

      (b) The right to equality;

      (c) The right to liberty and security of person;

      (d) The right to equal protection under the law;

      (e) The right to be free from all forms of discrimination;

      (f) The right to the highest standard attainable of physical and mental health;

      (g) The right to just and favourable conditions of work;

      (h) The right not to be subjected to torture, or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

      United Nations, General Assembly, 85th plenary meeting,

       20 December 1993; A/RES/48/104http://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/48/a48r104.htm

      Contents

       Acknowledgments

       1. Approaching Violence in Eastern Guatemala

       2. A Framework for Examining Violence

       3. Corporeal Dimensions of Gender Violence: Woman's Self and Body

       4. Marital Unions and the Normalization of Suffering

       5. Children, Motherhood, and the Routinization of Pain and Sacrifice

       6. Women's Work: Normalizing and Sustaining Gender Inequality

       7. Church, Religion, and Enduring Everyday Violence

       8. Enduring Violence

       Appendix

       Notes

       References

       Index