The Diplomacy of Theodore Brown and the Nigeria-Biafra Civil War. Keith A. Dye
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Keith A. Dye
The Diplomacy of
Theodore Brown and the
Nigeria-Biafra
Civil War
Negotiating a Destiny
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Dye, Keith A., author.
Title: The diplomacy of Theodore Brown and the Nigeria-Biafra Civil War:
negotiating a destiny/Keith A. Dye.
Description: New York: Peter Lang, 2020.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019039869 | ISBN 978-1-4331-7531-2 (hardback: alk. paper)
ISBN 978-1-4331-7532-9 (ebook pdf)
ISBN 978-1-4331-7533-6 (epub) | ISBN 978-1-4331-7534-3 (mobi)
Subjects: LCSH: Brown, Theodore E. | American Negro Leadership Conference on Africa. | Nigeria—History—Civil War, 1967–1970—
Diplomatic history. | Nigeria—Foreign relations—United States. |
United States—Foreign Relations—Nigeria.
Classification: LCC DT515.836 .D94 2020 | DDC 966.9052—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019039869
DOI 10.3726/b17093
Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek.
Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the “Deutsche
Nationalbibliografie”; detailed bibliographic data are available
on the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de/.
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All rights reserved.
Reprint or reproduction, even partially, in all forms such as microfilm,
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About the author
Keith A. Dye earned his PhD in American history from the University of Toledo. He is Assistant Professor of African and African American Studies and History at the University of Michigan–Dearborn.
About the book
This book chronicles the diplomacy of civil rights activist Theodore Brown and the American Negro Leadership Conference on Africa (ANLCA) to help end the Nigeria-Biafra civil war from 1967 to 1970. The book challenges histories dismissive of the ANLCA and makes its contribution to African American history and U.S. history by arguing that the group was successful as the only African American group allowed to serve as mediators to the conflict. This was a “first” for African American relations with Africa as a result of post-coloniality. Their endeavor opened up a new avenue for relations between the two peoples. Their effort was unique because it was independent of the U.S. government.
This eBook can be cited
This edition of the eBook can be cited. To enable this we have marked the start and end of a page. In cases where a word straddles a page break, the marker is placed inside the word at exactly the same position as in the physical book. This means that occasionally a word might be bifurcated by this marker.
This book is dedicated to my mother Valeria Winona Richberg-Dye, whose support got me through many rough waters in life and with the book; my father Charles Marion Dye, brother Charles Mark Dye and to the memories of my sisters Deborah Winona Dye and Carol Dye and brother Kentus Daniel Dye.
Contents
Movement within an Atlantic Empire
African Americans and Independent Nigeria
2 Two Decisions: The United States and the American Negro Leadership Conference on Africa Engage Pre-War Nigeria
The Matter of an ANLCA
Toward 1967: U.S. Diplomacy to Nigeria and the ANLCA, Part One
1967: A Leap to Destiny
3 Declaring War, Declaring African America
Broadening Ideas and ANLCA Engagement with Nigeria-Biafra
The Meeting at Aburi
An Unexpected Note: Black Power
4 “The Response in Africa Especially in Nigeria Was Extremely Encouraging”
Progress to a Destiny
1968 As Fate Would Have It
After Brown and the ANLCA: African Americans on the War
Conclusion: A Pyrrhic Victory?
Index
I owe a special thanks to Joellen El Bashir, curator of manuscript collections, Moorland-Spingarn Research Center at Howard University for bringing this interview to my attention and making it available. I must also acknowledge other curators, researchers, librarians, archivists and other personnel at institutions that assisted in my research; independent researcher Naaman Josiah Pamoja and editor Sandra Judd; Michelle Smith and the anonymous reviewers and editors at Peter Lang Press. Thanks must also be given for the advice, support and encouragement from many colleagues, former colleagues, associates and personnel in African and African American Studies, the Social Sciences Department, and Dean’s office at the University of Michigan—Dearborn; the history department at Oakland University (special nods to De Witt Dykes and wife Silverenia, Bernadette Dickerson, and Mary Karasch with our annual get-togethers; Dan Clark and Sean Moran); the University of Detroit Mercy; University of Toledo, and the Africana Studies Department at Wayne State University. And a special thanks to Chaka Nantambu, Doris Triggs, and Kim Smith. All mistakes are mine. Lastly, thanks also to family and friends that provided encouragement.
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