Authentically African. Sarah Van Beurden
Authentically African
NEW AFRICAN HISTORIES
SERIES EDITORS: JEAN ALLMAN, ALLEN ISAACMAN, AND DEREK R. PETERSON
Books in this series are published with support from the Ohio University National Resource Center for African Studies.
David William Cohen and E. S. Atieno Odhiambo, The Risks of Knowledge: Investigations into the Death of the Hon. Minister John Robert Ouko in Kenya, 1990
Belinda Bozzoli, Theatres of Struggle and the End of Apartheid
Gary Kynoch, We Are Fighting the World: A History of the Marashea Gangs in South Africa, 1947–1999
Stephanie Newell, The Forger’s Tale: The Search for Odeziaku
Jacob A. Tropp, Natures of Colonial Change: Environmental Relations in the Making of the Transkei
Jan Bender Shetler, Imagining Serengeti: A History of Landscape Memory in Tanzania from Earliest Times to the Present
Cheikh Anta Babou, Fighting the Greater Jihad: Amadu Bamba and the Founding of the Muridiyya in Senegal, 1853–1913
Marc Epprecht, Heterosexual Africa? The History of an Idea from the Age of Exploration to the Age of AIDS
Marissa J. Moorman, Intonations: A Social History of Music and Nation in Luanda, Angola, from 1945 to Recent Times
Karen E. Flint, Healing Traditions: African Medicine, Cultural Exchange, and Competition in South Africa, 1820–1948
Derek R. Peterson and Giacomo Macola, editors, Recasting the Past: History Writing and Political Work in Modern Africa
Moses E. Ochonu, Colonial Meltdown: Northern Nigeria in the Great Depression
Emily S. Burrill, Richard L. Roberts, and Elizabeth Thornberry, editors, Domestic Violence and the Law in Colonial and Postcolonial Africa
Daniel R. Magaziner, The Law and the Prophets: Black Consciousness in South Africa, 1968–1977
Emily Lynn Osborn, Our New Husbands Are Here: Households, Gender, and Politics in a West African State from the Slave Trade to Colonial Rule
Robert Trent Vinson, The Americans Are Coming! Dreams of African American Liberation in Segregationist South Africa
James R. Brennan, Taifa: Making Nation and Race in Urban Tanzania
Benjamin N. Lawrance and Richard L. Roberts, editors, Trafficking in Slavery’s Wake: Law and the Experience of Women and Children
David M. Gordon, Invisible Agents: Spirits in a Central African History
Allen F. Isaacman and Barbara S. Isaacman, Dams, Displacement, and the Delusion of Development: Cahora Bassa and Its Legacies in Mozambique, 1965–2007
Stephanie Newell, The Power to Name: A History of Anonymity in Colonial West Africa
Gibril R. Cole, The Krio of West Africa: Islam, Culture, Creolization, and Colonialism in the Nineteenth Century
Matthew M. Heaton, Black Skin, White Coats: Nigerian Psychiatrists, Decolonization, and the Globalization of Psychiatry
Meredith Terretta, Nation of Outlaws, State of Violence: Nationalism, Grassfields Tradition, and State Building in Cameroon
Paolo Israel, In Step with the Times: Mapiko Masquerades of Mozambique
Michelle R. Moyd, Violent Intermediaries: African Soldiers, Conquest, and Everyday Colonialism in German East Africa
Abosede A. George, Making Modern Girls: A History of Girlhood, Labor, and Social Development in Colonial Lagos
Alicia C. Decker, In Idi Amin’s Shadow: Women, Gender, and Militarism in Uganda
Rachel Jean-Baptiste, Conjugal Rights: Marriage, Sexuality, and Urban Life in Colonial Libreville, Gabon
Shobana Shankar, Who Shall Enter Paradise? Christian Origins in Muslim Northern Nigeria, c. 1890–1975
Emily S. Burrill, States of Marriage: Gender, Justice, and Rights in Colonial Mali
Todd Cleveland, Diamonds in the Rough: Corporate Paternalism and African Professionalism on the Mines of Colonial Angola, 1917–1975
Carina E. Ray, Crossing the Color Line: Race, Sex, and the Contested Politics of Colonialism in Ghana
Sarah Van Beurden, Authentically African: Arts and the Transnational Politics of Congolese Culture
Authentically African
Arts and the Transnational Politics of Congolese Culture
Sarah Van Beurden
OHIO UNIVERSITY PRESS
ATHENS, OHIO
Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701
© 2015 by Ohio University Press
All rights reserved
To obtain permission to quote, reprint, or otherwise reproduce or distribute material from Ohio University Press publications, please contact our rights and permissions department at (740) 593-1154 or (740) 593-4536 (fax).
Printed in the United States of America
Ohio University Press books are printed on acid-free paper
25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Beurden, Sarah Van, author.
Authentically African : arts and the transnational politics of Congolese culture / Sarah Van Beurden.
pages cm. — (New African histories)
ISBN 978-0-8214-2190-1 (hc : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8214-2191-8 (pb : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8214-4545-7 (pdf)
1. Art, Congolese (Democratic Republic)—History. 2. Art, Congolese (Democratic Republic)—Political aspects. 3. Art, Congolese (Democratic Republic)—Appreciation—Belgium. 4. Institut des musées nationaux du Zaïre—History. 5. Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale—History. I. Title. II. Series: New African histories series.
N7399.C6B48 2015
709.6724—dc23
2015034123
FOR MY PARENTS
Contents
A Note on Names and Translations
Introduction. Congolese History and the Politics of Culture
Chapter 1. The Value of Culture: Congolese Art and Belgian Colonialism