The Communication Playbook. Teri Kwal Gamble
Landing: Topic Selection and Self-Analysis and Audience AnalysisSecond Landing: Speech Development, Support, and OrganizationThird Landing: Presentation Practice and DeliveryFourth Landing: Postpresentation AnalysisAnalyze YourselfReview Your Life: Your NarrativeConsider the Moment: This MomentSearch the NewsUse TechnologyAnalyze Your AudienceETHICS AND COMMUNICATION: The Magic Bullet of Speech MakingGathering Audience InformationPersonal ExperienceResearchDraw a Demographic ProfileAge ConsiderationsGender ConsiderationsSexual Orientation ConsiderationsFamily OrientationReligionCultural BackgroundOccupationSocioeconomic StatusEducational LevelAdditional ConsiderationsDraw a Psychographic ProfileUnderstand Receivers’ Values, Beliefs, and AttitudesUnderstand How the Audience Perceives YouAnalyze the OccasionDate and Time: When and How Long?Location: Where?Occasion Specifics: Why? How Many?Select Your TopicIs the Topic Worthwhile?Is the Topic Appropriate?Is the Topic Interesting?Is Sufficient Research Material Available on the Topic?Narrow The Topic and Clarify Your PurposeFormulate a Purpose StatementCompose a ThesisIdentify Your Speech’s Main PointsSKILL BUILDER: Score Your SubjectCOMMUNICATION SKILLS: Practice Tips for Improving Speech Preparation
15 Chapter 12: Researching, Supporting, and Outlining Your SpeechResearch Your TopicResearch Both Online and OfflineGet to Know the LibraryUse Reference WorksUse Online References and DatabasesUse E-MailCheck Newsgroups and SubredditsAccess the World Wide WebBe Certain to Evaluate What You FindConduct Primary ResearchPersonal Observations and ExperienceInformal SurveysInterviewsCAREER BUILDER: What Do They Know?Record Information Derived from ResearchSelect the Best Support PossibleDefinitionsStatisticsExamples and IllustrationsTestimonyComparisons and ContrastsRepetition and RestatementSKILL BUILDER: Reliable Sources & SupportLinear and Configural FormatsLinear Organizational FormatsChronological OrderSpatial OrderCause-and-Effect OrderProblem-and-Solution OrderTopical OrderETHICS AND COMMUNICATION: Sound Bites With BiteInternal Previews, Summaries, Transitions, and SignpostsConfigural Organizational FormatsEXPLORING DIVERSITY: Is Attention Cultural?Outlining Your Speech: Building a Speaking FrameworkCreating Your OutlineOutlining PrinciplesBeginnings and EndingsThe IntroductionFunctions of the IntroductionTypes of IntroductionsThe PreviewThe ConclusionFunctions of the ConclusionTypes of ConclusionsA Sample OutlineCOMMUNICATION SKILLS: Practice Tips for Speech Design and Organization
16 Chapter 13: Using Presentation Aids and Delivering Your SpeechSelecting and Preparing Presentation AidsWhy Use Presentation Aids?Types of Visual AidsObjects and ModelsGraphsDrawings, Photographs, and MapsGuidelines for Evaluating Which Visuals to UseETHICS AND COMMUNICATION: Visually SpeakingAudio AidsComputer-Assisted PresentationsPitfalls of PowerPointSKILL BUILDER: Evaluating a PowerPoint PresentationPreparing to SpeakManuscript SpeechesMemorized SpeechesImpromptu SpeechesExtemporaneous SpeechesSound Bite Speaking (Twitter Speak)CAREER BUILDER: Can You Make It Bite Size?RehearsingConduct Tryouts: Rehearse, Refine, RehearseConduct a Visual Tune-UpAttirePostureGesturesMovements and Facial ExpressionsEye-ContactConduct a Vocal Tune-UpConduct a Verbal Tune-UpPreparing for the Q&AThe Rehearsal–Confidence ConnectionPresenting: Keys to RememberBeyond the Presentation: Assessing Your EffectivenessContentOrganizationWordingDeliveryCOMMUNICATION SKILLS: Practice Tips for Evaluating Your Speech
17 Chapter 14: Informative SpeakingSharing and Conceptualizing InformationAvoid Information Overload or UnderloadCAREER BUILDER: Assessing the Effects of Information OverloadMake It RelevantTypes of Informative PresentationsETHICS AND COMMUNICATION: What Can You Do to Handle the Glut of Information?Speeches About Objects and IdeasSpeaking About an ObjectOrganizing Speeches About ObjectsSpeaking About an IdeaOrganizing Speeches About IdeasSpeeches About Events and PeopleSpeaking About an EventSpeaking About a PersonOrganizing Speeches About Events and PeopleSpeeches About Processes and ProceduresOrganizing Speeches About Processes and ProceduresSKILL BUILDER: Assessing an Informative SpeechGuidelines for Informative SpeakersCreate Information HungerOffer Information BalanceEmphasize Key PointsInvolve the AudienceMake Information MemorableDraw on Novelty and CreativityIntegrate Presentation AidsCommunication Skills: Practice Tips for Achieving Informative Speaking Goals
18 Chapter 15: Persuasive SpeakingThe Purpose of PersuasionGoals of PersuasionTypes of Persuasive SpeechesPropositions of FactOrganizing the Question of Fact SpeechPropositions of ValueOrganizing the Question of Value SpeechPropositions of PolicyOrganizing the Question of Policy SpeechUnderstanding Monroe’s Motivated SequencePersuading Responsibly, Strategically, and CrediblyETHICS AND COMMUNICATION: Big and Little LiesBuilding Persuasive CredibilityGuidelines for Persuading EffectivelyBe Clear About Your GoalConsider Receivers’ Attitudes and BeliefsUse the Influence Principles of Consistency and Social ProofGain Your Audience’s AttentionEvoke Relevant Needs and IssuesMake the Audience Feel and ThinkReason LogicallyDeductive ReasoningInductive ReasoningCausal ReasoningReasoning From AnalogyReason EthicallyHasty GeneralizationsPost Hoc Ergo Propter HocSlippery SlopeRed HerringFalse DichotomyFalse DivisionPersonal AttacksGlittering GeneralitiesBandwagon AppealsAppeal to FearAppeal to TraditionAppeal to Misplaced AuthorityStraw ManCAREER BUILDER: Fact Checking Pinocchio at Work and in Public LifePromise a RewardSKILL BUILDER: Assessing a Persuasive SpeechCOMMUNICATION SKILLS: Practice Tips for Achieving Persuasive Speaking Goals
19 Appendix: Interviewing and Developing Professional RelationshipsThe Employment Interview: Beyond Casual CommunicationEmployer and Employee PerspectivesCommon Interviewee FearsSecuring the Interview: Tools and TasksNetworking and the Job SearchPreparing the Cover Letter and RésuméThe Cover LetterThe RésuméPreliminary PreppingConducting an InterviewStructure: Stages of the InterviewThe OpeningThe BodyThe CloseQuestions: The Heart of the InterviewInterviewee Roles and ResponsibilitiesAssess YourselfPrepare to Withstand PressureIdentify Personal QualificationsS.T.A.R.Interview CategoriesRemember to Ask QuestionsImpression Management and Interviewee PresenceLooking at the Law: Illegal Interview QuestionsDiversity, Technology, and the InterviewCulture and the InterviewTechnology and the Job SearchPersonal Job-Seeking WebsitesElectronic RésumésOnline Interviews and AssessmentOnline Blunders to Avoid
20 Answer Key
21 Glossary
22 Notes
23 Index
Preface
The Communication Playbook is the text for the hybrid communication course designed to meet the complex needs of 21st-century communicators—those concerned with how to present themselves to others across the communication spectrum, whether face-to-face, using social media, in workspaces and workplaces, or in public.
How might those who matter in your life describe for others what it’s like to interact with you? Might they describe you as being present or distracted, empathetic or distant? How might they describe your behavior as coworker or team member? Might they assess you as cooperative and collaborative or instead report that you come off as self-concerned and a blocker? What words might people listening to you use to describe your presentation skills? Might they find you to be prepared and persuasive or ill-prepared and uninspiring? And were you to switch roles with them, how might those individuals describe you as a member of their audience? Might they report you to be attentive and encouraging or bored and disengaged? In each case, the adjectives others attribute to you is how you come across to them.
We 21st-century communicators face complex challenges. Each of us bears personal and social responsibility for developing, sharing, and managing a unique identity—the composite of characteristics we place on display in both physical and online worlds. Effectively, we create both a real-world or face-to-face identity and a digital-world or virtual identity for others to consume. It is as we navigate between these two spaces—the physical and the digital—that we shape our unique and personal communication presence, influencing the nature and course of our relationships and perceived communication effectiveness both online and offline.
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