The Essential Works of George Rawlinson: Egypt, The Kings of Israel and Judah, Phoenicia, Parthia, Chaldea, Assyria, Media, Babylon, Persia, Sasanian Empire & Herodotus' Histories. George Rawlinson
[ This is Dr. Hooker’s description. Canon Tristram says of the styrax at the eastern foot of Carmel, that “of all the flowering shrubs it is the most abundant,” and that it presents to the eye “one sheet of pure white blossom, rivalling the orange in its beauty and its perfume” (Land of Israel, p. 492).]
239 [ Ibid. p. 596.]
240 [ Walpole, Ansayrii, iii. 298.]
241 [ Tristram, pp. 16, 28, &c.; Robinson, Biblical Researches, iii. 438.]
242 [ The “terraced vineyards of Esfia” on Carmel are noted by Canon Tristram (Land of Israel, p. 492). Walpole speaks of vineyards on Bargylus (Ansaryii, iii. 165). The vine-clad slopes of the Lebanon attract notice from all Eastern travellers.]
243 [ Quoted by Dr. Hooker, in Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible, ii. 684, 685.]
244 [ Deut. xxxiii. 24.]
245 [ Tristram, Land of Israel, pp. 7, 16, 17; Walpole, Ansayrii, iii. 147, 177.]
246 [ Tristram, p. 492; Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, p. 347.]
247 [ Hooker, in Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible, ii. 685.]
248 [ Tristram, pp. 622, 633; Walpole, Ansayrii, iii. 446; Robinson, Later Researches, p. 607.]
249 [ Tristram, pp. 17, 38; Walpole, Ansayrii, iii. 32, 294, 373.]
250 [ Robinson, Bibl. Researches, iii. 419, 431, 438, &c.]
251 [ Tristram, Land of Israel, p. 28.]
252 [ Hasselquist, Reise, p. 188.]
253 [ Ansayrii, i. 66.]
254 [ Tristram, l.s.c.]
255 [ Hooker, in Dictionary of the Bible, ii. 685.]
256 [ Reise, l.s.c.]
257 [ Mémoires, i. 332.]
258 [ Tristram, Land of Israel, p. 493.]
259 [ Tristram, Land of Israel, p. 82.]
260 [ Renan, Mission de Phénicie, p. 59; Hooker, in Dictionary of the Bible, ii. 687; Tristram, Land of Israel, p. 493.]
261 [ Tristram, Land of Israel, l.s.c.]
262 [ Ibid. p. 82.]
263 [ Ibid. p. 596. Compare Walpole’s Ansayrii, iii. 443.]
264 [ Tristram, Land of Israel, p. 102.]
265 [ Tristram, Land of Israel, pp. 61, 599.]
266 [ Ibid. pp. 38, 626, &c. Dr. Robinson notices the cultivation of the potato high up in Lebanon; but he observed it only in two places (Later Researches, pp. 586, 596).]
267 [ It can scarcely be doubted that Phoenicia contained anciently two other land animals of considerable importance, viz. the lion and the deer. Lions, which were common in the hills of Palestine (1 Sam. xvii. 34; 1 Kings xiii. 24; xx. 36; 2 Kings xvii. 25, 26) and frequented also the Philistine plain (Judg. xiv. 5), would certainly not have neglected the lowland of Sharon, which was in all respects suited for their habits. Deer, which still inhabit Galilee (Tristram, Land of the Israel, pp. 418, 447), are likely, before the forests of Lebanon were so greatly curtailed, to have occupied most portions of it (See Cant. ii. 9, 17; viii. 14). To these two Canon Tristram would add the crocodile (Land of Israel, p. 103), which he thinks must have been found in the Zerka for that river to have been called “the Crocodile River” by the Greeks, and which he is inclined to regard as still a denizen of the Zerka marshes. But most critics have supposed that the animal from which the Zerka got its ancient name was rather some large species of monitor.]
268 [ Kenrick, Phoenicia, p. 36.]
269 [ See his article on Lebanon in Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible, ii. 87.]