What is Environmental Politics?. Elizabeth R. DeSombre
rel="nofollow" href="#u7f88230f-8dcc-5cbd-b449-847c3266d6ad">chapter 4.
Political decisions become even more complicated when they take place on the international level. In national politics, decisions about environmental policy can compel action from people in that country, whether they support or oppose the policy. But there is no international government that can compel action from countries. Even when these countries get together to create international rules, each country decides, through its own political processes, whether it wants to implement those rules in what might be a global collective action problem. The particular nature of international environmental politics, and its implications for how international rules are created, is discussed in chapter 5.
Finally, chapter 6 brings together what we know about environmental issues and political structures to assess which combination of factors makes societies most or least able to deal with which environmental problems. It also addresses unresolved questions about the workings of environmental politics across countries and political levels.
Ultimately, environmental politics is the process by which society’s preferences are created, negotiated, fought about, and translated into a set of policies that influence that society’s use of natural resources or creation of pollution. How these political processes play out is strongly influenced both by the special characteristics of environmental issues and by the nature of the political structures in which this set of social decisions takes place.
Notes
1 1. Ronald H. Coase, “The Problem of Social Cost,” Journal of Law and Economics 3 (1960): 1–44, at p. 13.
2 2. Robert Costanza, “Social Traps and Environmental Policy,” BioScience 37/6 (1987): 407–12.
3 3. Julian Simon, The Ultimate Resource (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998).
4 4. Paul Sabin, The Bet: Paul Ehrlich, Julian Simon, and Our Gamble over Earth’s Future (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2013).
5 5. “Oil: High Costs, High Stakes on the North Sea,” Time, 29 September 1975.
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