Fundamentals of Solar Cell Design. Rajender Boddula
the paper of tandem solar including its subtypes organic tandem solar, inorganic tandem solar, and hybrid tandem solar cell.
Keywords: Conventional resources, greenhouse gases, renewable energy, tandem solar cell
List of Abbreviations
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
| PV | Photovoltaic |
| VOC | Open-circuit voltage |
| FF | Fill factor |
| OPV | Organic photovoltaic |
| GO | Graphene oxide |
| PEIE | Polyethylenimine |
| ITO | Indium tin oxide |
| PCE | Power conversion efficiency |
| LBIC | Light beam induced current |
| EQE | External quantum efficiency |
| Cd | Cadmium |
| S | Sulfur |
| Ga | Gallium |
| Ag | Silver |
| P | Phosphorus |
| Si | Silicon |
| NIR | Near infrared |
| ZnO | Zinc oxide |
| In | Indium |
| CIGS | Copper indium gallium diselenide |
| MA | Methylamonnium |
| CQD | Colloidal quantum dot |
| DMD | Dielectric-metal-dielectric |
| SnO2 | Tin(IV) oxide |
| PSC | Perovskite solar cell |
| TSC | Tandem solar cell |
| OTSC | Organic tandem solar cell |
| ITSC | Inorganic tandem solar cell |
| HTSC | Hybrid tandem solar cell |
| PSEHTT:ICBA | Poly[(4,40-bis(3-ethylhexyl)dithieno [3,2-b:0030-d]silole)-2,6-diyl-alt-(2,5-(3-(2-ethylhexyl) thiophen-2-yl)thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole]: indene-C60 bisadduct |
| PSBTBT:PC70BM | Poly[(4,40-bis(2-ethylhexyl)dithieno[3,2-b:20,30-d]silole)-2,6-diyl-alt-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)-4,7-diyl]:[6,6]-phenyl-C70 butyric acid methyl ester |
| JSC | Short circuit current density |
| Au-doped SLGNRs | Au-doped single layer graphene nanoribbons |
| OHJs | Organic heterojunctions |
| CGLs | Charge generation layers |
| HAT-CN | 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile |
| m-MTDATA | 4,4′,4″-tris(N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenylamino) triphenylamine |
| MPE | Maximum Power efficiency |
| PEDOT:PSS | Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) |
| CFPTSC | Colorful flexible polymer tandem solar cells |
| LBIC | Light beam induced current |
| EQE | External quantum efficiency |
| I-V | Current-voltage |
| +H3N−C6H12−NH3+ | Dicationic hexane-1,6-diammonium) |
| C3H7−NH3+ | Monocationic n-propylammonium |
| CIGS | Copper indium gallium diselenide |
| CH3NH3PbI3 | Methyl ammonium leads triiodide |
| CGS | Copper gallium diselenide |
| FAPbX3 | Formamidinium lead halide |
| ICO | Cerium-doped indium oxide |
| RF | Radio frequency |
| RT | Room temperature |
| ST-PSC | Semi-transparent perovskite solar cell |
| P/SHJ | Perovskite/silicon-heterojunction |
| SJSC | Single-junction solar cells |
| OCVP | Open-circuit photo-voltage |
| SCPCD | Short-circuit photo-current density |
| EL | Electroluminescence |
| TPSC | Tandem polymer solar cells |
| MCE | Maximum current efficiency |
| EQE | External quantum efficiency |
3.1 Introduction
The increasing population and its energy consumption are demanding huge energy and create the energy crisis.