Hydrogeology. Kevin M. Hiscock

      1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Inventory of water at or near the Earth's surface (Berner and Bern...Table 1.2 Material transport and subsurface dissolved salts discharge from g...Table 1.3 Countries with estimated groundwater abstraction greater than 10 k...Table 1.4 Groundwater depletion (GWD) for irrigation embedded in national foo...Table 1.5 Estimated abstractions from all surface water and groundwater in En...Table 1.6 Estimated abstraction in European countries (Margat and van der Gu...Table 1.7 Key groundwater issues in the North China Plain listed according t...

      2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Range of values of hydraulic conductivity and porosity for differen...Table 2.2 Range of values of compressibility (Freeze and Cherry 1979).Table 2.3 Discharges of 10 of the world’s largest karst springs (Ford and Wil...Table 2.4 Hydrochemical and environmental isotope evolution of groundwaters o...Table 2.5 Winter nutrient loading (nitrite and nitrate as total oxidized nitr...Table 2.6 Long‐term average continental renewable groundwater resources (tota...Table 2.7 Groundwater resources of the principal Mesozoic aquifers in England...

      3 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Example porosity‐depth data for three wells. Porosity values for We...

      4 Chapter 4Table 4.1 The relative abundance of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in the water...Table 4.2 Chemical composition of groundwater divided into major and minor io...Table 4.3 Simple classification of groundwater based on TDS content (Freeze a...Table 4.4 Major ion chemistry of British spa waters. Location numbers are sho...Table 4.5 Major ion analyses of waters used for brewing (concentrations in mg...Table 4.6 Major ion analyses of four groundwater samples from the Milligan Ca...Table 4.7 Chemical models for the formation of Chalk groundwaters beneath gla...Table 4.8 Thermodynamic equilibrium constants for calcite, dolomite and major...Table 4.9 Surface area and cation exchange capacity (CEC) values for clays an...Table 4.10 Hydrochemical water types for the Lower Mersey Basin Permo‐Triassi...Table 4.11 Example hydrochemical analyses of Types 4 and 5 groundwaters from ...Table 4.12 Selected hydrochemical data for the Lincolnshire Limestone aquifer...Table 4.13 Examples of oxidation states for various compounds that occur in g...Table 4.14 Table of reduction reactions of importance in groundwater (Champet...Table 4.15 Sequence of redox processes in a closed system. In this example, t...Table 4.16 Sequence of redox processes in an open‐system in which an excess o...Table 4.17 Estimated average mineralogical composition of the upper continent...Table 4.18 Reactions for incongruent dissolution of some aluminosilicate mine...Table 4.19 Mean chemical composition of groundwaters from European and Africa...Table 4.20 Representative chemical analyses of saline and thermal groundwater...

      5 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Tritium, carbon‐14 and stable isotope measurements for Chalk ground...Table 5.2 Environmental isotope data and modelled³⁶Cl ages for groundwaters f...Table 5.3 Isotope and noble gas recharge temperatures for Chalk groundwaters ...

      6 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Properties of aquifers with the largest groundwater footprints (Gle...Table 6.2 Density of rain gauges required in a hill area.Table 6.3 Values of soil water potential (Φ =ψ_g + ψ_p) relative to a...Table 6.4 Evaporation and drainage losses during a 7‐day period for a represe...Table 6.5 Monthly root constant (RC) values for the Penman–Grindley method. V...Table 6.6 Example of the Penman–Grindley soil water budget method to calculat...Table 6.7 Observed temperature‐depth profiles in Well #1 and Well #2. Over th...Table 6.8 Coefficients by which the maximum surface velocity of a river shoul...Table 6.9 Table of typical values of Manning'sn for application in the estima...Table 6.10 Derivation of the unit hydrograph ordinates shown in Fig. 6.35b fo...Table 6.11 Application of the S‐curve method to derive a unit hydrograph for ...

      7 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Record of drawdown in an observation well situated 30 m from a well...Table 7.2 Record of the constant discharge pumping test conducted at the Wool...Table 7.3 Record of the recovery test conducted at the Woolhampton Chalk bore...Table 7.4 Summary of tracer types and their properties (Hobson 1993).Table 7.5 Hydrogeological properties which may be measured using tracer tests...Table 7.6 Excitation and emission maxima of tracer dyes and filter combinatio...

      8 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Potential sources of groundwater pollution arising from domestic, i...Table 8.2 Salinity hazard of irrigation water with basic guidelines for water...Table 8.3 Calculation of relative breakthrough concentrations,C/C_o, for macro...Table 8.4 Injected organic solutes used in the natural gradient tracer experi...Table 8.5 Comparison of retardation estimates for organic solutes from tempor...Table 8.6 Physical and chemical properties of five common chlorinated solvent...Table 8.7 Empirical correlations between log₁₀K_OC and log₁₀K_OW for non‐class ...Table 8.8 Hydrochemistry of the Durham coalfield mine drainage discharges at ...Table 8.9 Sources of organic contaminants found in urban groundwaters (Lloyde...Table 8.10 Summary of chlorinated solvents detected in groundwater in the Bir...Table 8.11 Table showing the compositional range of landfill leachate (after ...Table 8.12 Hydrochemical and biogeochemical reactions in septic systems (Wilh...Table 8.13 Pesticides and their degradation products in samples collected dur...Table 8.14 Summarized analytical results of pesticides in Chalk boreholes in ...Table 8.15 Analytical results of Chalk core profiling, Granta catchment, Camb...

      9 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Land‐use restrictions for the source protection zones shown in Fig....Table 9.2 Calculation of the toxicological index,I_tox, for three sites locate...Table 9.3 Summary of measured soil nitrate losses prior to and during the Pil...Table 9.4 Frequency distribution of total arsenic concentrations in groundwat...Table 9.5 Distribution of mean arsenic concentrations in groundwater as a fun...Table 9.6 Percentage distributions of distances between pit latrines and dug ...

      10 Chapter 10Table 10.1 Groundwater budget information for the High Plains Aquifer based o...Table 10.2 Major sources, concentrations and residence times of important gre...Table 10.3 Classification scheme for environmental droughts and consequences ...Table 10.4 Scenarios of climate and groundwater use change effects considered...Table 10.5 Simulated minimum spring flows in the Edwards Aquifer, south‐centr...Table 10.6 Types of adaptation options for surface water and groundwater supp...Table 10.7 Percentage change in mean annual potential groundwater recharge va...Table 10.8 Summary of geothermal installations producing geothermal energy fo...

      11 Appendix 1Table A1.1 Table of conversion factors.

      12 Appendix