High-Density and De-Densified Smart Campus Communications. Daniel Minoli

      1 Chapter 1TABLE 1.1 Key Performance Indicators HDC Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)TABLE 1.2 HDC KPIs for AirportsTABLE 1.3 Top US Airports – Actual and Heuristic Data ShownTABLE 1.4 Largest US Football StadiumsTABLE 1.5 Top Convention Centers in the United StatesTABLE 1.6 Top Amusement Parks in the United StatesTABLE 1.7 Enrolments at Largest US DistrictsTABLE 1.8 Example of School Demographics (NYC)TABLE 1.9 Top Subway and Rapid Transit Systems in the United StatesTABLE 1.10 HDC KPIs for Airports

      2 Chapter 2TABLE 2.1 Comparison of key features of WLANs/WPANs [3]TABLE 2.2 IEEE 802.11 Active Projects at Press TimeTABLE 2.3 Inter‐frame Space TypesTABLE 2.4 Basic Error Coding SchemesTABLE 2.5 5 GHz Wi‐Fi FrequenciesTABLE 2.6 802.11 Cheat SheetTABLE 2.7 Modulation and Coding Schemes for Single Spatial Stream

      3 Chapter 3TABLE 3.1 Bandwidths for LTE Systems in North AmericaTABLE 3.2 Satellite Bands, Generalized View per IEEE Standard 521‐1984TABLE 3.3 Performance Measures, eMBB/5GTABLE 3.4 Frequency Range 1 (FR1)TABLE 3.5 Frequency Range 2TABLE 3.6 CPRI Rates

      4 Chapter 4TABLE 4.1 IoT Deployment SynthesisTABLE 4.2 IoT Systems and Methods to Support the Connected EcosystemTABLE 4.3 Partial Listing of Key IoT RAsTABLE 4.4 Wireless Communications Technologies that are Typically Used in IoT Sys...TABLE 4.5 Comparison of Key Fog/Edge and Core Wireless Technologies Applicable to...TABLE 4.6 Features of Some Key Protocol StacksTABLE 4.7 Comparison of Key FeaturesTABLE 4.8 CIA Security GoalsTABLE 4.9 User Plane Confidentiality Protection Mechanisms for LTETABLE 4.10 User Plane Integrity Protection Mechanisms for LTETABLE 4.11 OSiRM‐assisted Transition from “As Is” to a “To Be” Environment...

      5 Chapter 5TABLE 5.1 Higher Efficiency and Capacity Features Under 802.11ax/Wi‐Fi 6TABLE 5.2 802.11ax Changes Compared with 802.11acTABLE 5.3 Total Number of RUs by Channel BandwidthTABLE 5.4 Key EPC Architecture Elements

      6 Chapter 6TABLE 6.1 Occupancy Aspects that are Important to OSD/ODCMA PoliciesTABLE 6.2 Taxonomy of Occupancy Detection Systems, with Focus on RTLSsTABLE 6.3 RTLS ComparisonTABLE 6.4 Possible RTLS Applications in Smart CitiesTABLE A.1 Basic Terms and Concepts Relative to Positioning TechnologiesTABLE A.2 Basic RFID Terms and Concepts Relative to Positioning Technologies

      7 Chapter 8TABLE 8.1 Basic best practices of overlay Wi‐Fi‐based RTLSs (summarized from [21]...TABLE 8.2 Bluetooth Protocol VersionsTABLE 8.3 Additional comparison of technologies [57]TABLE 8.4 Overall comparison of sensor technologies for RTLSs

      8 Chapter 9TABLE 9.1 MyBWI‐FI technology planTABLE 9.2 DAS Requirements for the BWI Airport

      9 Chapter 10TABLE 10.1 Plethora of Players at BWI – In a WiSNET, All of These Are Managed by ...TABLE 10.2 Technical Characterization of a WiSNET

      1 Chapter 1FIGURE 1.1 Requirements bouquet.FIGURE 1.2 A gate area at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport is...FIGURE 1.3 Inventory of US buildings.FIGURE 1.4 Heuristic model for office space allocation.FIGURE 1.5 Infection and casualty data from the COVID‐19 Dashboard by the Ce...FIGURE 1.6 Pandemic impact on airline travel in the Fall of 2020.FIGURE 1.7 A pictorial view of an RTLS environment [50].FIGURE 1.8 Generic RTLS system concept.FIGURE 1.9 De‐densified (heuristic model).FIGURE 1.10 INET‐v6: a Wireless SuperNetwork (WiSNET).

      2 Chapter 2FIGURE 2.1 Example of a WLAN (MIMO case).FIGURE 2.2 Block diagram of a WLAN device (example).FIGURE 2.3 A general MIMO system (after [12]).FIGURE 2.4 Example of PHY transmit procedure [2].FIGURE 2.5 Inter‐frame Space relationships [2].FIGURE 2.6 Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance‐based frame tra...FIGURE 2.7 Distributed MIMO communication with beamforming [20].FIGURE 2.8 SU‐MIMO versus MU‐MIMO.FIGURE 2.9 5GHz spectrum usability