High-Density and De-Densified Smart Campus Communications. Daniel Minoli

High-Density and De-Densified Smart Campus Communications - Daniel  Minoli


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Locating System”: 63 100 results; “Real‐time Locating Service”: 1360 results; “Real‐time Locating Solution”: 2260 results.

Schematic illustration of an example of a WLAN (MIMO case).
Wi‐Fi ZigBee Bluetooth
Type WLAN WPAN WPAN
Frequency band 2.4 GHz 5 GHz Evolving 6 GHz proposals 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz
PHY/MAC Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) Multiple In Multiple Out (MIMO) IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11ax Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) IEEE 802.15.4 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) IEEE 802.15.1Classical BluetoothBluetooth Low Energy (LE)Bluetooth BasicRate/Enhanced Data Rate(BR/EDR)Bluetooth MeshBluetooth 5.1
Upper layers TCP/IP stack Possibly UPnP with TCP/IP, SSDP, SOAP ZigBee IP/PRO and various application profiles TCP/IP stack and/or 6LoWPAN CoAP
Range 100 m 30 m 10 m
Data rate High, depends on standard 250 kbps Depends on version, 1–2 Mbps
Number of nodes in network 32/AP High (64000) Low (7)
Transceiver costs Medium (but depends on Wi‐Fi generation) Very low Low

      The IEEE 802.11 family of standards has gone through several iterations


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