Reservoir Characterization. Группа авторов

Reservoir Characterization - Группа авторов


Скачать книгу
between brine and gas-saturated shaly formations, and (4) Influence of shale mechanical properties on water content effects.

      It should be understood reservoir characterization is an evolving technology. It is our hope that this volume will be a meaningful addition to the current body of literature and will help pave the way for further advances on the subject matter in the future.

       Fred Aminzadeh

      Santa Barbara, California

      September 22, 2021

Part 1 INTRODUCTION

      Reservoir Characterization: Fundamental and Applications - An Overview

       Fred Aminzadeh

       FACT Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, USA

       Abstract

      This article provides a brief overview of reservoir characterization at different stages of a field from exploration to development to production and post primary production. It demonstrates the challenges associated with integration of different data types. It also shows how “Dynamic Reservoir Characterization” can assist in monitoring of the field for various well stimulation processes such as enhanced oil recovery as well as reservoir stimulation. Different sections of this entry attempt to highlight different aspects of reservoir characterization, as an exploration tool, development tool, production tool and monitoring tool. As reservoirs age, different measures are taken to extend their productive life. This includes different types of reservoir stimulation and enhanced oil (or gas) recovery.

      Keywords: Reservoir characterization, data integration challenges, 3D/4D seismic, micro-seismic data, reservoir monitoring, dynamic reservoir characterization, rock physics and enhanced oil recovery (EOR)

      As discussed in Aminzadeh and Dasgupta [2], Reservoir Characterization is to assess reservoir condition and its properties using the available data from core/log data to seismic and production data. This is done to assist in delineating or describing a reservoir. Reservoir characterization and modeling have become increasingly important for optimizing field development.

      Different aspects of Figure 1.1, from the input data to the process (well data, seismic data, production data, etc.) will be discussed in Section 1.2 on the data requirements. The difficulties associated with the integration of different data sources will be addressed in Section 1.3, under “SURE Challenge”. In Section 1.4 we discuss different aspects of reservoir characterizations fin different stages of reservoir life. The exploration and development stage deal with preliminary determination of the reservoir structural model, stratigraphic and facies models. This is followed by the production phase with a focus on porosity, permeability and fluid saturation, involving reservoir/flow simulation and history matching. The recovery stages involve injection of water/CO2 or steam to increase production. We discuss Dynamic Reservoir Characterization (DRC) in Section 1.5. We note that 4D seismic and microseismic data play an important role in geo-model updating monitoring production and the EOR/reservoir stimulation process. Sections 1.6 goes into more details on rock physics and reservoir modeling and how reservoir characterization can be used as an input to reservoir simulation and help with enhanced oil recovery and other well stimulation processes.

      Well data provides vertically high-resolution model at the well location, however, the distribution of well in a field are sparse. Combining well information with geophysical and geological data allows the necessary constraints for extrapolating high resolution well data beyond where they are measured thus increasing the coverage. For every phase of the reservoir life cycle from discovery to development to operating to maturity and well stimulation (enhanced oil recovery) phase, geophysical tools are used to create reservoir model with the associated properties and update the model based new data collected.

      Integration of geophysical data with geologic data, and engineering measurements improves our understanding of the reservoir,


Скачать книгу