The fourth industrial revolution glossarium: over 1500 of the hottest terms you will use to create the future. Alexander Chesalov
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Capacity building framework. DHE WP3 developed a capacity building framework drawing on other existing frameworks which target all kinds of stakeholders who are interested in scaling-up person-centred digital solutions for integrated care. As part of this framework, 8 key components and 20 building blocks have been defined180.
Capsule neural network (CapsNet) – a machine learning system that is a type of artificial neural network (ANN) that can be used to better model hierarchical relationships. The approach is an attempt to more closely mimic biological neural organization181,182.
Card image is eighty characters of data stored as a single physical record. A file storage format of 80 characters or bytes per record. The card-image format is a remnant of the time when data were literally input on punch cards that had physical limits of 80 characters per card. Usually a case or all the data for a single respondent is stored on several 80-character «cards.» Each «card» is numbered and stored in numerical sequence. Cards with the same sequence number (i.e., having a common format for the layout and contents of variables) are called a «deck»; thus, cards are often referred to in documentation by their «deck number». Example: «The variable for age is stored in Deck 01 in columns 10—11 and the variable for race is stored in Deck 02 in column 10»183.
Cardano (ADA) is a third-generation, decentralized proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchain platform designed to be a more efficient alternative to proof-of-work (PoW) networks. Scalability, interoperability, and sustainability on PoW networks like Ethereum are limited by the infrastructure burden of growing costs, energy use, and slow transaction times184.
Care co-ordinator is an individual who is responsible for coordinating the care and support of a Care Recipient. It could be a role undertaken by a health care professional or the care recipient or family carer185.
Care recipient is an individual who receives or seeks any care services or support considered to be integrated care, from another person or organisation. In certain circumstances, a care recipient may be the term used for a person receiving a new project-based service186.
Case in survey research, an individual respondent187.
Cashless Economy is a system where any type of money transactions is done through digital means like debit cards, electronic fund transfer, mobile payments, internet banking, mobile wallets188.
Cashless society is one in which cash, in the form of physical banknotes and coins, is not accepted in any financial transaction. Instead, people and businesses transfer money to one another digitally – via credit or debit cards, electronic money transfers, cryptocurrency, or online and mobile payment services, such as PayPal and Apple Pay. Although no existing society is cashless, many economists believe that consumer preferences, competitive pressures on businesses, profit seeking by banks, and government policies designed to facilitate cashless transactions will soon lead to at least a few cashless societies189.
Center for Technological Competence is an organization that owns the results, tools for conducting fundamental research and platform solutions available to market participants to create applied solutions (products) on their basis. The Technology Competence Center can be a separate organization or be part of an application technology holding company.
Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) – promoting a healthy general public and sharing data about chronic diseases are main goals of the centers for disease control and prevention (CDC)190.
Centers for medicare & medicaid services (CMS) is the wing of the U.S. department of health and human services that runs healthcare reimbursement and health it programs191.
Central processing unit (CPU) also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions in the program. This contrasts with external components such as main memory and I/O circuitry, and specialized processors such as graphics processing units (GPUs). Also, Central Processing Unit (CPU) is a von Neumann cyclic processor designed to execute complex computer programs192.
Centralized control is a process in which control signals are generated in a single control center and transmitted from it to numerous control objects.
Cerner corp. is a public company in North Kansas City, mo., that provides various health information technologies, ranging from medical devices to electronic health records (EHR) to hardware193.
Change Control is a formal process used to ensure that a process, product, service, or technology component is modified only in accordance with agreed-upon rules. Many organizations have formal Change Control Boards that review and approve proposed modifications to technology infrastructures, systems, and applications. Data Governance programs often strive to extend the scope of change control to include additions, modifications, or deletions to data models and values for reference/master data194.
Change healthcare is a healthcare technology provider of revenue cycle management, payment management and health information exchange (HIE) solutions195.
Channel is a means of entry into the My Health Record system to enable reading and updating My Health Records. For example, individuals can use the National Consumer Portal or providers may use the system via B2B196.
Character format is any file format in which information is encoded as characters using only a standard character-encoding scheme. A file written in «character format» contains only those bytes that are prescribed in the encoding scheme as corresponding to the characters in the scheme (e.g., alphabetic and numeric characters, punctuation marks, and spaces)197.
Character-encoding scheme is a method of encoding characters including alphabetic characters (A-Z, uppercase and lowercase), numbers 0—9, punctuation and other marks (e.g., comma, period, space, &, *), and various «control characters» (e.g., tab, carriage return, linefeed) using binary numbers. For a computer to print a capital «A» or a number «7» on the computer screen, for instance, we must have a way of telling the computer that a particular group of bits represents an «A» or a «7». There are standards, commonly called «character sets,» that establish that a particular byte stands for an «A» and a different byte stands for a «7». The two most common standards for representing characters in bytes are ASCII and EBCDIC198.
Chatbot is a software application designed to simulate human conversation
Capacity (building) – Text: electronic. – https://digitalhealtheurope.eu URL: https://digitalhealtheurope.eu/glossary/capacity-building/ (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Capacity building framework – Text: electronic. – https://digitalhealtheurope.eu URL: https://digitalhealtheurope.eu/glossary/capacity-building-framework (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Capsule neural network – Text: electronic. – https://ru.what-this.com URL: https://ru.what-this.com/7202531/1/kapsulnaya-neyronnaya-set.html (date of request: 07.02.2022)
Capsule neural network – Text: electronic. – https://neurohive.io URL: https://neurohive.io/ru/osnovy-data-science/kapsulnaja-nejronnaja-set-capsnet/ (date of request: 08.02.2022)
Card image – Text: electronic. – www.umich.edu (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#C
Cardano (ADA) – Text: electronic. – www.investopedia.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.investopedia.com/cardano-definition-4683961
Care co-ordinator – Text: electronic. – https://digitalhealtheurope.eu URL: https://digitalhealtheurope.eu/glossary/care-co-ordinator/ (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Care recipient – Text: electronic. – https://digitalhealtheurope.eu URL: https://digitalhealtheurope.eu/glossary/care-recipient/ (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Case – Text: electronic. – www.umich.edu (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#C
Cashless Economy – Text: electronic. – www.igi-global.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/cashless-economy/68569
Cashless society – Text: electronic. – www.britannica.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.britannica.com/story/what-is-a-cashless-society-and-how-does-it-work
Centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) – Text: electronic. – https://www.techtarget.com URL: https://www.techtarget.com/searchhealthit/definitions (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Centers for medicare & medicaid services (cms) – Text: electronic. – https://www.techtarget.com URL: https://www.techtarget.com/searchhealthit/definitions (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Central processing unit (CPU) – Text: electronic. – https://en.wikipedia.org (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit
Cerner corp. – Text: electronic. – https://www.techtarget.com URL: https://www.techtarget.com/searchhealthit/definitions (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Change Control – Text: electronic. – https://digitalhealtheurope.eu URL: https://digitalhealtheurope.eu/glossary/change-control/ (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Change healthcare – Text: electronic. – https://www.techtarget.com URL: https://www.techtarget.com/searchhealthit/definitions (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Channel – Text: electronic. – www.digitalhealth.gov.au/ URL: www.digitalhealth.gov.au/support/glossary (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Character format – Text: electronic. – www.umich.edu (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#C
Character-encoding scheme – Text: electronic. – www.umich.edu (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#C