The fourth industrial revolution glossarium: over 1500 of the hottest terms you will use to create the future. Alexander Chesalov
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Deep neural network – a multilayer network containing several (many) hidden layers of neurons between the input and output layers, which allows modeling complex nonlinear relationships. GNNs are now increasingly used to solve such artificial intelligence problems as speech recognition, natural language processing, computer vision, etc., including in robotics387.
Deep Technology (DEEP TECH) refers to a startup whose business idea is based on a scientific or otherwise extensive (deep) understanding of technology. The term has been adopted to set certain companies apart from other startups which are also technology driven. A deep tech company may, for instance, base the core of its operations on particularly complex mathematics in the creation of software algorithms. Deep technology companies typically comprise artificial intelligence companies, which try to replicate human thinking, build navigation systems for flying cars and so on388.
DeepMind is an artificial intelligence company founded in 2010 and later acquired by Google in 2014. DeepMind developed AlphaGo program that beat a human professional Go player for the first time.
Default access controls – the access controls that apply where a registered individual has not set controls on the registered healthcare provider organizations or nominated representatives who may access the individual’s My Health Record. This means that any registered healthcare provider organisation involved in your healthcare can access your record389.
Degree of maturity is the degree of clarity (clarity) of the definition, management, measurement, control and implementation of a specific technological process.
De-identification – process of rendering data pseudonymized or anonymized. general term for any process of removing the association between a set of identifying data and the data subject390.
Denial of Service (DoS) prevents unauthorized access to resources. It also prevents time-critical operation delays391.
Depersonalization of personal data is actions as a result of which it is impossible to determine, without the use of additional information, the belonging of personal data to a specific User or other personal data subject392.
Depthwise separable convolutional neural network (sepCNN) – a convolutional neural network architecture based on Inception, but where Inception modules are replaced with depthwise separable convolutions. Also known as Xception. A depthwise separable convolution (also abbreviated as separable convolution) factors a standard 3-D convolution into two separate convolution operations that are more computationally efficient: first, a depthwise convolution, with a depth of 1 (n ✕ n ✕ 1), and then second, a pointwise convolution, with length and width of 1 (1 ✕ 1 ✕ n). To learn more, see Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable Convolutions.
Design Center – an organizational unit (the entire organization or its subdivision) that performs a full range or part of the work on creating products up to the stage of its mass production, and also has the necessary personnel, equipment and technologies for this.
Design thinking is an iterative process in which we seek to understand the user, challenge assumptions, and redefine problems in an attempt to identify alternative strategies and solutions that might not be instantly apparent with our initial level of understanding. At the same time, it provides a solution-based approach to solving problems. It is a way of thinking and working as well as a collection of hands-on methods393.
Destruction of personal data – actions, as a result of which it becomes impossible to restore the content of personal data in the personal data information system and (or) as a result of which material carriers of personal data are destroyed.
Developer Experience (DX) is a type of user experience that has been targeted at software professionals, such as software developers. An excellent DX is a central business objective, for instance, for SaaS and platform economy operators394.
DevOps (development & operations) is a set of practices, tools, and culture philosophies that automate and integrate the processes of software development teams and IT teams. DevOps emphasizes team empowerment, collaboration and collaboration, and technology automation. The term DevOps is also understood as a special approach to organizing development teams. Its essence is that developers, testers and administrators work in a single thread – they are not each responsible for their own stage, but work together on the release of the product and try to automate the tasks of their departments so that the code moves between stages without delay. In DevOps, responsibility for the result is distributed among the entire team. Devops is an agile operational model for producing electronic services. DevOps focuses on the communication between software developers, maintenance and production personnel. DevOps aims to build an environment in which building, testing and publishing software can happen quickly, often and reliably. DevOps relies on the practices of agile development and tools that automate infrastructure management. DevOps is a particularly central term in modern SaaS software development395,396,397.
DHE Funding Database – an overview of open relevant calls to support the large-scale deployment of person-centred digital solutions. The database includes Horizon Europe, EU4Health and the Digital Europe Program398.
Diagnostic analysis is a form of advanced analytics which examines data or content to answer the question «Why did it happen?», and is characterized by techniques such as drill-down, data discovery, data mining and correlations. Diagnostic analytics takes a deeper look at data to attempt to understand the causes of events and behaviors399.
Diagnostic imaging report (or radiology) is primarily a written communication between the radiologist interpreting the imaging study (e.g. X-ray, MRI) and the clinician who requested the examination400.
Dialogflow API.AI is a platform that allows users to build brand-unique, natural language interactions for bots, applications, services, and devices. It features a Natural Language Understanding Tools to design unique conversation scenarios, design corresponding actions and analyze interactions with users.
DICOM (digital imaging and communications in medicine) is a standard protocol for the management and transmission of medical images and related data and is used in many healthcare facilities401.
Dictionary file is a special form of machine-readable codebook that contains information about the structure of a data file and the locations and, often, the names of variables in the data file. Typically, a researcher uses a dictionary file and a data file together with statistical software; the statistical software uses the dictionary to specify variables by name, rather than specifying their locations in the file402.
Digital
Deep neural network – Text: electronic. – https://machinelearningmastery.ru URL: https://www.machinelearningmastery.ru/how-to-stop-training-deep-neural-networks-at-the-right-time-using-early-stopping/ (date of request: 08.02.2022)
Deep Technology (DEEP TECH) – Text: electronic. – www.sofokus.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.sofokus.com/glossary-of-digital-business/#D
Default access controls – Text: electronic. – www.digitalhealth.gov.au/ URL: www.digitalhealth.gov.au/support/glossary (date of request: 10.11.2022)
De-identification – Text: electronic. – https://digitalhealtheurope.eu URL: https://digitalhealtheurope.eu/glossary/de-identification/ (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Denial of Service (DoS) – Text: electronic. – https://www.freewave.com URL: https://www.freewave.com/freewaves-industrial-internet-of-things-iiot-glossary/ (date of request: 25.02.2023)
Depersonalization of personal – Text: electronic. – https://link.springer.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-39225-3_83
Design thinking – Text: electronic. – https://cdn.aigroup.com.au URL: https://cdn.aigroup.com.au/Policy/2018/Industry4-0/Glossary.pdf (date of request: 25.02.2023)
Developer Experience (DX) – Text: electronic. – www.sofokus.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.sofokus.com/glossary-of-digital-business/#D
DevOps – Text: electronic. – www.atlassian.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.atlassian.com/ru/devops
DevOps – Text: electronic. – https://mcs.mail.ru (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://mcs.mail.ru/blog/chto-takoe-metodologiya-devops
Devops – Text: electronic. – www.sofokus.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.sofokus.com/glossary-of-digital-business/#D
DHE Funding Database – Text: electronic. – https://digitalhealtheurope.eu URL: https://digitalhealtheurope.eu/glossary/dhe-funding-database/ (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Diagnostic analysis – Text: electronic. – https://www.trendminer.com URL: https://www.trendminer.com/iiot-glossary/ (date of request: 25.02.2023)
Diagnostic imaging report – Text: electronic. – www.digitalhealth.gov.au/ URL: www.digitalhealth.gov.au/support/glossary (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Dicom (digital imaging and communications in medicine) – Text: electronic. – https://www.techtarget.com URL: https://www.techtarget.com/searchhealthit/definitions (date of request: 10.11.2022)
Dictionary file – Text: electronic. – www.umich.edu (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#D