The City of God, Volume II. Bishop of Hippo Saint Augustine

111

By Diogenes Laertius, vi. 69, and Cicero, De Offic. i. 41.

112

Gen. i. 28.

113

Ps. cxxxviii. 3.

114

Gen. i. 27, 28.

115

Matt. xix. 4, 5.

116

Eph. v. 25.

117

Luke xx. 34.

118

See Virgil, Georg. iii. 136.

119

Rom. i. 26.

120

The position of Calama is described by Augustine as between Constantine and Hippo, but nearer Hippo. —Contra Lit. Petil. ii. 228. A full description of it is given in Poujoulat's Histoire de S. Augustin, i. 340, who says it was one of the most important towns of Numidia, eighteen leagues south of Hippo, and represented by the modern Ghelma. It is to its bishop, Possidius, we owe the contemporary Life of Augustine.

121

Andr. ii. 1, 5.

122

1 Tim. i. 5.

123

Compare Basil's Homily on Paradise, and John Damascene, De Fide Orthod. ii. 11.

124

Ps. cxi. 2.

125

Ps. iii. 3.

126

Ps. xviii. 1.

127

Rom. i. 21-25.

128

1 Cor. xv. 28.

129

1 Cor. xv. 46.

130

Rom. ix. 21.

131

Gen. iv. 17.

132

Comp. De Trin. xv. c. 15.

133

Gal. iv. 21-31.

134

Rom. ix. 22, 23.

135

Wisdom viii. 1.

136

Lucan, Phar. i. 95.

137

Gal. v. 17.

138

Gal. vi. 2.

139

1 Thess. v. 14, 15.

140

Gal. vi. 1.

141

Eph. iv. 26.

142

Matt. xviii. 15.

143

1 Tim. v. 20.

144

Heb. xii. 14.

145

Matt. xviii. 35.

146

Rom. vi. 12, 13.

147

Gen. iv. 6, 7.

148

Literally, "division."

149

1 John iii. 12.

150

We alter the pronoun to suit Augustine's interpretation.

151

Gal. v. 17.

152

Rom. vii. 17.

153

Rom. vi. 13.

154

Gen. iii. 16.

155

Eph. v. 28, 29.

156

C. Faustum. Man. xii. c. 9.

157

Gen. iv. 17.

158

Gen. iv. 25.

159

Lamech, according to the LXX.

160

Ex. xii. 37.

161

Virgil, Æneid, xii. 899, 900. Compare the Iliad, v. 302, and Juvenal, xv. 65 et seqq.

"Terra malos homines nunc educat atque pusillos."

162

Plin. Hist. Nat. vii. 16.

163

See the account given by Herodotus (i. 67) of the discovery of the bones of Orestes, which, as the story goes, gave a stature of seven cubits.

164

Pliny, Hist. Nat. vii. 49, merely reports what he had read in Hellanicus about the Epirotes of Etolia.

165

"Our own mss.," of which Augustine here speaks, were the Latin versions of the Septuagint used by the Church before Jerome's was received; the "Hebrew mss." were the versions made from the Hebrew text. Compare De Doct. Christ. ii. 15 et seqq.

166

Jerome (De Quæst. Heb. in Gen.) says it was a question famous in all the churches. – Vives.

167

"Quos in auctoritatem celebriorum Ecclesia suscepit."

168

See below, book xviii. c. 42-44.

169

C. 8.

170

On this subject see Wilkinson's note to the second book (appendix) of Rawlinson's Herodotus, where all available references are given.

171

One hundred and eighty-seven is the number given in the Hebrew, and one hundred and sixty-seven in the Septuagint; but notwithstanding the confusion, the argument of Augustine is easily followed.

172

Gen. vii. 10, 11 (in our version the seventeenth day).

173

Gen. viii. 4, 5.

174

Ps. xc. 10.

175

Gen. iv. 1.

176

Gen. iv. 25.

177

Gen. v. 6.

178

Gen. v. 8.

179

Matt. i.

180

His own children being the children of his sister, and therefore his nephews.

181

This was allowed by the Egyptians and Athenians, never by the Romans.

182

Both in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, though not uniformly, nor in Latin commonly.

183

Gen. v. 2.

184

Luke xx. 35, 36.

185

Gen. iv. 18-22.

186

Gen. iv. 26.

187

Rom. viii. 24, 25.

188

Rom. x. 13.

189

Jer. xvii. 5.

190

Æneid, i. 288.

191

Æneid, iii. 97.

192

Luke xx. 34.

193

Rom. ix. 5.

194

Eusebius, Jerome, Bede, and others, who follow the Septuagint, reckon only 2242 years, which Vives explains by supposing Augustine to have made a copyist's error.

195

Transgreditur.

196

Ps. li. 3.

197

Gen. v. 1.

198

Ps. xlix. 11.

199

Ps. lxxiii. 20.