St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans: A Practical Exposition. Vol. I. Gore Charles
of Son and Spirit is constantly implied.
27
See below, p. 124.
28
Matt. xviii. 23-35.
29
2 Pet. i. 9.
30
Rom. v. 9-11.
31
1 Cor. vi. 11.
32
Cf. Hort,
33
It is noticeable that St. Paul never uses the verb translated 'to be sanctified' of persons in the present tense. It always describes an already existing state rather than a process.
34
Rom. v. 18, but cf. later, p. 202.
35
Hort, l.c., p. 24.
36
Eph. v. 25; Tit. ii. 14; cf. Acts xx. 28.
37
Ritschl,
38
The subject comes forward especially in connexion with chapters ix-xi.
39
I know that any brief statement about Luther's doctrine may be disputed, for his own statements vary considerably. But I think the tendency of his teaching is fairly represented above.
40
'Acceptance' is already acquittal; but only in view of the new life of the body of Christ which is to emancipate man from the power of sin. Thus it is only as incorporated into Christ that he finds his former sin 'put away.' 'I believe in one baptism for the remission of sins.'
41
He should say, if he would represent St. Paul, 'works,' not 'good works.'
42
Essay on 'Righteousness by Faith,' in
43
Rom. v. 1.
44
Acts xxiii. 26.
45
The salutation of the First Epistle to the Thessalonians, the earliest epistle, is the most nearly formal. Those to the Romans and to Titus are the fullest and richest.
46
Num. vi. 25, 26; see Hort,
47
2 Tim. ii. 8.
48
Cf. 1 Tim. iii. 16, 'justified in the spirit,' where the use is approximately the same.
49
See 1 Thess. v. 23; 1 Cor. v. 5; James ii. 26; Matt. v. 3; xxvi. 41; 1 Pet. iii. 18; Mark viii. 12.
50
Luke xxiv. 39; Heb. xii. 23; i. 14; Matt. viii. 16, &c.
51
Matt. iii. 16; Luke x. 21, R.V. &c.
52
John iv. 24.
53
John vi. 63; Rom. ii. 29; 2 Cor. iii. 6.
54
Rom. xv. 29.
55
'To encourage' and 'encouragement' are probably the best words to translate what in our Bible is rendered by 'comfort.'
56
Hadrian and Trajan: see
57
Hab. ii. 4; cf. app. note A on meanings of the word 'faith.'
58
Rom. xv. 25 ff.; Acts xx. 22.
59
Rom. xv. 19.
60
1 John iii. 4. The Greek phrase implies exactly that all sin is lawlessness, and all lawlessness is sin.
61
Rom. v. 13, 14.
62
Cf. Wisd. xiii. 1-9: 'For verily all men by nature were but vain who had no perception of God, and from the good things that are seen they gained not power to know him that is, neither by giving heed to the works did they recognize the artificer… For from the greatness of the beauty even of created things in like proportion does man form the image of their first maker… But again even they are not to be excused. For if they had power to know so much … how is it that they did not sooner find the Sovereign Lord of these his works?' Apoc. Bar. liv. 17, 18: 'From time to time ye have rejected the understanding of the Most High. For his works have not taught you, nor has the skill of his creation which is at all times persuaded you.'
63
Isa. xliv. 18-20.
64
Wisd. xi. 15; xiii, xiv, xv. St. Paul's debt to the Book of Wisdom is apparent (1) in the kinds of idols he mentions; (2) in the way in which the thought of idolatry leads on to that of uncleanness and sexual immorality; and (3) in the idea of retribution by the natural law of results.
65
1 Thess. ii. 16.
66
Butler's
67
68
S. and H. p. 49.
69
He implies, as Dr. Farrar points out, 1 Cor. v. 9-10, that pure society did not exist in Corinth.
70
See my
71
Rom. ii. 13-15.
72
Rom. ii. 26.
73
See also app. note E on physical science and the fall.
74
Cf. F. B. Jevons,
75
Cf. Huxley,
76
The allusion is to (1) Jevons (