A History of Lancashire. Fishwick Henry
id="n21">
21
“Palatine Note–Book,” iii. 67.
22
For full details of these see Watkin’s “Roman Lancashire.”
23
24
Watkin’s “Roman Lancashire,” p. 55.
25
Through the influence of the Rev. J. Shortt, Vicar of Hoghton, whose description of the find is here followed.
26
Watkin’s “Roman Lancashire,” p. 133.
27
Mr. Townley. See “Vetusta Monumenta,” iv. 5.
28
Abram’s “History of Blackburn,” p. 159.
29
30
Whitaker’s “History of Whalley,” ii. 19.
31
Baines’ “History of Lancashire” (second edition), ii. 24.
32
33
34
Fishwick’s “History of Poulton–le–Fylde,”
35
Watkin’s “Roman Lancashire,” p. 203.
36
“The Palatine Note–book,” iv. 201.
37
Fishwick’s “History of Rochdale,” p. 7; also
38
39
Authorities differ as to this locality: one writer places it on the Firth of Forth, another in Worcestershire.
40
Pp. 36, 39.
41
Sanderson’s “History of England,” p. 44.
42
A.D. 923.
43
After the death of Cnut, in 1035, the kingdom was again divided, and Mercia and Northumbria fell to Harold. Harthacnut was (in 1039), however, King of all England.
44
Vol. i., p. 12, 2nd edit.
45
Coucher Book, Duchy Office, No. 78.
46
Originally a tax paid to the Danes, but afterwards appropriated to the King. It was always a very unpopular tax.
47
Plan of this in Fishwick’s “History of Rochdale,” p. 66.
48
“Eccles. Hist.,” lib. iii., cap. 8.
49
Baines’ “Hist. of Lanc.,” ii. 205, 2nd edit.
50
The following account of it is compiled from an article in
51
See
52
See
53
Saxon Chronicle and the Chronicle of Simon of Durham.
54
55
Fishwick’s “History of St. Michael’s–on–Wyre,”
56
In the original document the names are often very different to the ones now in use, but they have all been identified as referring to the localities above given.
57
“There is a priest there having half a carucate of land in frank amoign.”
58
Said to be waste.
59
Other forests are named at Latham, Aughton, Milling, Lydiate, and other places.
60
The hora was not a coin, but an equivalent for about 1s. 6d. or 1s. 8d.
61
In South Lancashire it is believed that six carucates made a hide. A carucate was about 100 acres, but was a variable term.
62
This will serve as a proof that
63
Their individual holdings are 3 hides and half a carucate, 2 carucates, 1½ carucates, 1 carucate and 2 carucates = 3 hides and 7 carucates. Their united holding is put down as 22 carucates, so that a hide in this case equals 5 carucates.
64
Bentham (in Yorkshire), Wennington, Tatham, and Tunstall are described as four manors, where there were three churches.
65
Now Titeup.
66
Authorities differ on the exact area, but probably the above is not far from the figure.
67
Fishwick’s “History of St. Michael’s–on–Wyre,”
68
Honour of Lancaster granted to him June 30, 1267, and letters patent issued to the tenants of the honour to do their homage and be obedient to him as their lord, February 16, 1268. In 1269 a similar letter was sent to William le Boteler, and in 1270 to Henry de Lacy, Robert de Stockfort, and the Abbot of Furness.
69
Charters of duchy. See 31st Report of the Deputy–Keeper of the Public Records, p. 6.
70
Toll for swine feeding in the woods.
71
A fair in 1255.
72
Carta de Foresta: Record Office.
73
Rossendale Forest adjoins this parish.
74
Plac. de Quo War., Edw. I.: Record Office.
75
Duchy Chancery Rolls, chap. xxv., A 2b.
76
The honour of Lancaster.
77
See Fishwick’s “History of Kirkham,”
78
Royal Letters, Henry III., No. 185.
79
“Letters from
80
See “Popular History of Cumberland,” p. 231.
81
The original rolls are in the Record Office. They have been printed by the Chetham Society, vol. cxii.
82
All the extracts refer to the Lancashire part of the honour, and to the years between 1295 and 1305.
83
Authorities differ on this point, but all agree that money in the thirteenth century was worth many times its present equivalent coin. At the very least, it requires to be multiplied by ten.
87
Treasury Receipts, 21a/3 Record Office; also
88
Lancashire is said to have enjoyed the privilege of a palatinate in the time of Roger de Poictou, but the evidence is not convincing.