Beyond Socrates’ Dia-Logos. Luigi Giannachi
is in my name the imperative of ghÃgnomai...recognize!»
«...And where are you headed?»
«In search of truth».
«It isnât easy your research, I have to admit. Even Mileto, my hometown, seems to be originating of the island of Crete. Legend has it that Miletus, its founder, was born there by the god Apollo, but once he grew up, was exiled by King Minos (just like my brother-in-law Alcibiades), only that Miletus didnât return on his island home again: first, he had arrived on Samosâ island, then founded the city that was named after him».
«The story you told me resembles that of Ion. It is said that he too was born by god Apollo, but then was accepted by his father Xuthus, who became the progenitor of the Ionians».
«You have read the Catalogue of Women of Hesiod. Perhaps you know from Euripides how much, for Ion, it wasnât so important to know who his father was, all he cared about was if his mother, Creusa, was Athenian, because only then he would have been able to speak publicly in Athens. Anyway, Ionic Greek is the travellersâ dialect. In the period when the heroes of the mythical Troy War had returned to their islands and to their cities, it spread along the coasts of Asia Minor. Not always the heroes who had come home were welcome, they didnât always acted like heroes on their return journey, in 10 years they had gotten used to acting as pirates and to realize that they had to provide for themselves without expecting great favours from gods».
She spoke stroking her neck in a sensual manner, she seemed to lose herself in her thoughts, let speak and then hit target.
I let myself go thinking about a dialogue with a friend some time before:
«Actually, gods were picking on them because they had taken Troy without their permission, thanks to Ulyssesâ guile. Did men now have the luxury of deciding their actions without waiting for the result of the sacrifices to offer to them? If the gods described by Hesiod and Homer have the worst defects of men, enough to deceive each other, steal and commit adultery, maybe they arenât able to impart a true knowledge to men. Yet, despite being vindictive, they are the depositaries of an order in the world. My friend Herodotus has an idea of ââthe origin of the word âgodsâ: they are so called (theoi) because they establish (thentes) an order, give some rules that men must take as reference of their actions».
«The reference you talk about is important, otherwise each of us risks getting lost in transit or in the sea or even in the sea of ââfeelings. In our city, we have at long last begun to draw geographic maps to which refer to during navigation. Both Hecataeus and Anaximander have located all known people and territories on a map. The shipâs master uses their maps: heâs from Mileto, I know him well. Our people make reference to the myth of Theseus, heâs like a god for us, so much that his name comes from the same word (Thes-) as the gods are called. Do you know his story?»
«I know it only in part; heâs the hero who defeated the Minotaur in the labyrinth of Knossos, succeeding then in getting out of the labyrinth thanks to the thread of Ariadne and return to Athens becoming king of that city and ruler of the Aegean Sea».
«So you donât know that he was born and raised on the Island of Samos, heâs officially Ionian, though he was the son of an ancient king of Athens, named Aegean, who had buried a sandal and his sword under a huge rock, before returning to Athens. Once he became a strong and brave boy, Theseus moved the rock and recovered his father's sword, demonstrating that he was the son of Aegean. He had to follow a dangerous path, in order to reach Athens, in the world of the dead, where some subterranean deities, in the guise of thieves and bandits, unsuccessfully tried to kill him. Arrived in Athens and recognized by his father Aegean, he faced a monstrous bull in the Marathon's plain, succeeding in defeating it. He then convinced his father to get sent among the young men to sacrifice on the island of Crete, in order to kill the Minotaur».
«Now I realize that I knew only a small part of his story: I can say now that I know everything about this hero».
«You donât know anything yet: during the Battle of Marathon, Theseusâ ghost appeared, as a warrior of prodigious stature, to the Greek soldiers led by Miltiades. The Greeks were fighting against the Persians and incited by him turned more ardently against the enemy, thus gaining the victory. This was the battle that revenged for us because the Persians had destroyed Mileto some years earlier».
Her deep eyes seemed to take flight to heaven in saying these words. Then I remembered some of the things I had heard about Theseusâ ship, impossible to understand rationally, but now those ones meant plenty while I saw the emotion in her eyes.
«That battle allowed Athens to control Aegean Seaâs poleis - I said to her - Theseus isnât just an Ionian hero, but a hero for the whole Hellas. I knew a curious detail on his ship: however his ship had done a lot of travel, it was always the same. Although the various parts were changed from time to time, the ship never lost its identity, inviolable in cutting through the waves».
«The whole thing works better than the set of individual elements; Theseus was the first to think that the union of individual cities could give rise to a much greater economic and political power than the simple local domain. Athens put into effect this policy along with the Ionian cities from which I come. According to my brother-in-law Alcibiades at this time, the biggest supporter of this policy is Pericles: I hope to know this so brave man who is pursuing Theseusâ original goal».
«Your knowledge doesnât look like those of a woman so young. Can I ask who your preceptor was?»
«My family boast of descending from Neleus and therefore to have originated from the god Poseidon, as well as the legend would like of Theseus. I canât ignore such an important hero. He became something like a god for my people. If you want to know, however, from whom I have received the teachings that have brought me to philosophy, you must know the tradition of Ionian philosophers. Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes were the first to seek a principle of reality as the principle of all living beings. Do you know the philosopher Anaxagoras, friend of Pericles, he also Ionian?»
«I know Xenophanes of Colophon, an Ionian poet and philosopher who lived in Zancle and Elea. According to him, men are able to garner the best with time; he was sceptical that gods could have revealed everything to the mortals. As you see, I also know something about Ionian philosophers, although I know more about those who have approached my peninsula, closer to the heart of Hellas».
She smiled perhaps hurt in the pride of her proud Ionian origin.
«They call us barbarians because we have been under the control of governors not refined by the fervour of Hellasâ art, politics and knowledge, but we were the only ones to have the courage to say âNoâ to Persians, the only ones to create a merchant network to make other peoples jealous, the only ones to allow menâs natural love for free women».
She had stopped to make the dance moves, walked determined along lines that formed regular squares. The tiger inside her had found free vent. I dared say to her:
«Democracy, in Athens, indulges in the love between old politicians and young chap who are approaching political and social life. You will not have there an easy life if you only will venture to propose such arguments».
«You are wrong if you think I want to mess up Athensâ society as well as you described it, but you underestimate what is new there, where the good use of the word will enable the realization of the true and the beautiful».
«... and you think you are the priestess who knows the true and the beautiful?»
«Stranger, if useful, I will be the one to advocate love as the ideal instrument for soulâs elevation while respecting the gods. Only by scaling the peaks of love man can think of achieving his perfection, but in doing so he needs to be reciprocated in the realization of his pleasure and aspirations».
«Tell