Transforming Kolkata. Neeta Pokhrel
been measures to ensure that social interventions are focused and phased and that long-term master plans are prepared and diligently followed.
The success of KEIP and KEIIP to date can also be attributed to the use of high-level technology that started with microtunneling and e-measurement of works and now is growing to many aspects of the KMC’s urban services management support through the projects. Micro-tunneling to lay large sewerage and drainage pipes under the projects minimized the disruption to traffic and social costs usually entailed in such work. The KMC utilized remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) to put all its urban assets, properties and services on one digitized map, and is making it accessible to citizens an interactive e-platform to its citizens. Administrative and management systems have been modernized and strengthened, maintenance systems have been digitized, and supervisory control for water supply services has been upgraded using data acquisition for more efficient water systems management. A state-of-the-art flood forecasting and early flood warning system has been established. The KMC and ADB continue to partner with agencies such as the European Space Agency to utilize remote-sensing data and satellite imagery to analyze problems and improve urban services. All such tools aid the planning and designing that will make Kolkata more livable as the city continues to grow.
The achievements of the past 20 years exemplify a phased and integrated urban planning, which is the core and true essence of making a city more livable. In partnership, ADB and the KMC have overcome immense challenges by improving their own capacity to plan, design, and manage investments in a challenging urban environment. Their efforts are exemplary in South Asia where similar projects have often not been as successful. Along with strategic planning and persistent implementation, policy reforms have progressively continued to protect recent and future investments. The city’s leaders and citizens and development partners have remained focused on planning for the long term, phasing the interventions, while continuously building capacity for design, construction, and maintenance of the assets.
A MORE LIVABLE KOLKATA. Kolkata city is implementing and updating its service improvement plans to become a greener, cleaner, and more resilient city.
The tasks of making Kolkata greener with fully sustainable urban services, as well as more resilient and inclusive for all its citizens, are so enormous that gaps still remain. More work is needed on multiple fronts, including enforcing spatial land-use planning, restoring local water bodies, having nature-based solutions to control flooding, sustainably collecting and treating solid waste, and making Kolkata greener and more resilient to face the growing climate change threats. Two decades of engagement later, Kolkata City is on the path toward achieving the shared vision of becoming more livable, greener, more sustainable, inclusive, and resilient.
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