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Series Editor
Marie-Christine Maurel
Mathematics in the Visual Arts
Edited by
Ruth Scheps
Marie-Christine Maurel
First published 2020 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address:
ISTE Ltd
27-37 St George’s Road
London SW19 4EU
UK
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
USA
© ISTE Ltd 2020
The rights of Ruth Scheps and Marie-Christine Maurel to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2020942150
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-78630-681-4
Introduction
The presence of mathematics in the arts has been plain since at least Pythagoras’ time. This applies as much to music (rhythm, scales and chords) as to all the visual arts, which are addressed in this book. The visual arts are also related – more and more closely – to other sciences (material, life and cultural). However, in order to get to the very roots of the connections between art and science, we felt it appropriate to choose “the queen of sciences”.
Within the mathematical sciences themselves, geometry, born from the vision of space (geometry: “measuring the Earth”), is, in this respect, the first. In the words of Max Bill: “The primary element of any plastic work is geometry, in terms of relationships between positions in the plane or the space”1. Confronted with the forms