Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding. George Acquaah
prior to transfer to rooting medium.
Macropropagation has been advocated for as an effective alternative method that requires less capital and skills to produce large numbers of better‐quality banana seedlings. Macropropagation units are made from local materials (branches and woven mats) with rice hulls, coffee husks, and sawdust as substrates. Depending on variety, one corm can yield an average of 10 plantlets. This technique has the potential to narrow the gap between demand and supply of affordable healthy banana seedlings. The techniques involve harvesting banana suckers from true‐to‐type mother plants; cutting and shaping the suckers; cross‐sectional cutting of the shaped suckers to induce growth initiation; sterilization of the suckers in a household bleaching reagent for disinfection; and transferring the treated suckers to a plastic pot that is half‐filled with treated soil followed by addition of sawdust, or using only sawdust to cover the suckers (Figure B7.11). A plantain accession of Poteau Geant (ABB) was used to demonstrate the applicability of macropropagation as an alternative method of mass production of Musa species for maintenance of those with novel traits and germplasm conservation as obtained in less than three months in Figure B7.12.
Figure B7.11 Flow chart of macropropagation of plantain (Poteau Geant, ABB). (a) = uprooting or harvesting of banana sucker from true‐to‐type mother plant; (b) = shaping of sucker; (c) = cross‐section cutting of the sucker; (d) = sterilization of prepared sucker; (e) = planting of the sucker by placing on treated soil; and (f) = covering of the sucker with sawdust serving as fertilizer.
Figure B7.12 Macropropagation experimental output from a plantain accession (Poteau Geant, PG, ABB). (a) = growth rate of macropropagated PG (ABB); (b) = fully macropropagated and grown Poteau Geant ready for transfer to separate plastic pots; (c) = four independently obtained macropropagated PG from pot a; (d) = still pot a, the source of the four separate, showing more growth initiation after the transfer of the initial four plantlets.
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