Understanding Peacekeeping. Alex J. Bellamy
Group of the Economic Community of West African StatesECOWASEconomic Community of West African StatesEISASExecutive Committee on Peace and Security Information and Strategic Analysis SecretariatEOExecutive OutcomesEUEuropean UnionEUFOREuropean Union forceEUFOR RDEuropean Union Reserve DeploymentEUPMEuropean Union Policing MissionEUTMEuropean Union Training MissionFARDCArmed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the CongoFDLRForces Démocratiques de Libération du RwandaFIBForce Intervention Brigade (MONUSCO)FMLNFrente Farabundo Marti para la Liberacion Nacional (El Salvador)FNINationalist and Integrationist Front (DRC)FOMUCCEMAC Mission in Central African RepublicFPUformed police unitFUNCINPECNational United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Cooperative CambodiaFYROMFormer Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaG5 SahelBurkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania and NigerGPSPGlobal Peace and Security PartnershipHIPPOHigh Level Independent Panel on Peace Operations (2015)ICCInternational Criminal CourtICGLRInternational Conference on the Great Lakes RegionICRCInternational Committee of the Red CrossICTYInternational Criminal Tribunal for the former YugoslaviaICUIslamic Courts Union (Somalia)IDGInternational Deployment Group (Australian Federal Police)IDPsinternally displaced personsIEDimprovised explosive deviceIEMFInterim Emergency Multinational Force (DRC)IFMIsatabu Freedom Movement (Solomon Islands)IFORImplementation Force (NATO-led)IGADIntergovernmental Authority on DevelopmentIHLinternational humanitarian lawIMFInternational Monetary FundIMTInternational Monitoring Team (Mindanao)IMTFIntegrated Mission Task ForceINTERFETInternational Force in East TimorIPMTInternational Peace Monitoring Team (Solomon Islands)IPOindividual police officerIPOAInternational Peace Operations AssociationIPTFInternational Police Task ForceISAFInternational Security Assistance Force (Afghanistan)ISFInternational Stabilization ForceISOAInternational Stability Operations AssociationJMACJoint Mission Analysis CellKFORKosovo ForceKLAKosovo Liberation ArmyKPCKosovo Protection CorpsKPSKosovo Police ServiceLASLeague of Arab StatesLDKDemocratic League of KosovoLTTELiberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Sri Lanka)MAESAfrican Union Electoral and Security Assistance Mission (Comoros)MEFMalaita Eagle Force (Solomon Islands)MFOmultinational force observersMICEMAECOWAS Mission in MaliMICOPAXECCAS Mission for the Consolidation of Peace in Central African RepublicMINUCIUnited Nations Mission in Côte d’IvoireMINUGUAUnited Nations Verification Mission in GuatemalaMINURCAUnited Nations Mission in the Central African RepublicMINURCATUnited Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and ChadMINURSOUnited Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western SaharaMINUSALMission of the United Nations in El SalvadorMINUSCAUnited Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Central African RepublicMINUSMAUnited Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in MaliMINUSTAHUnited Nations Stabilization Mission in HaitiMIPONUHUnited Nations Civilian Police Mission in HaitiMISABInter-African Mission to Monitor the Implementation of the Bangui AgreementsMISCAAfrican Union Mission in the Central African RepublicMNFmultinational forceMNLANational Movement for the Liberation of the AzawadMONUAUnited Nations Observer Mission in AngolaMONUCUnited Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of CongoMONUSCOUnited Nations Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of CongoMOUmemorandum of understandingMPRIMilitary Professional Resources IncorporatedMUJAOMovement for Oneness and Jihad in West AfricaNAMNon-Aligned MovementNATONorth Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNGOnon-governmental organizationNLANational Liberation Army (Macedonia)NPFLNational Patriotic Front of LiberiaOASOrganization of American StatesOAUOrganisation of African UnityOCHAUN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian AffairsOLMEEOAU Liaison Mission in Ethiopia/EritreaONUBUnited Nations Operation in BurundiONUCUnited Nations Operation in the CongoONUCAUnited Nations Observer Group in Central America United Nations Operation in MozambiqueONUMOZUnited Nations Operation in MozambiqueONUSALUnited Nations Observer Mission in El SalvadorONUVENUnited Nations Observer Mission for Verification of the Elections in NicaraguaOROLSIUN Office of Rule of Law and Security InstitutionsOSCEOrganization for Security and Cooperation in EuropeP5Permanent Members of the UN Security Council (Britain, China, France, Russian Federation, United States)PAEPacific Architects and EngineersPCCpolice-contributing countryPCRSUN Peacekeeping Capability Readiness SystemPDKParty of Democratic Kampuchea (Khmer Rouge)PIFPacific Islands ForumPLOPalestine Liberation OrganizationPOCprotection of civiliansPRKPeople’s Republic of KampucheaPRTsProvincial Reconstruction Teams (Afghanistan)PSCPeace and Security Council; private security companyQIPquick impact projectRAMSIRegional Assistance Mission to the Solomon IslandsRDHQrapidly deployable headquartersRECAMPRenforcement des capacités africaines de maintien de la paixROTCReserve Officer Training CorpsRPFRwandan Patriotic FrontRSIPRoyal Solomon Islands PoliceRUFRevolutionary United Front of Sierra LeoneSADCSouthern African Development CommunitySAICScience Applications International CorporationSCRSecurity Council resolutionSEAsexual exploitation and abuseSFORStabilization Force (NATO-led) in BosniaSHIRBRIGStandby High Readiness BrigadeSMCStrategic Military CellSNASomali National ArmySPLM/ASudan People’s Liberation Movement/ArmySPCUN standing police capacitySRSGUN Special Representative of the Secretary-GeneralSSRsecurity sector reformSWATSpecial weapons and tacticsTCCtroop-contributing countryTFGTransitional Federal Government (Somalia)TRWTRW Automotive (part of the Northrop Grumman Group)TSZTemporary Security Zone (Ethiopia–Eritrea)UAVUnmanned aerial vehicleUNUnited NationsUNAMICUnited Nations Advance Mission in CambodiaUNAMIDAU/UN Hybrid Operation in Darfur (Sudan)UNAMIRUnited Nations Assistance Mission in RwandaUNAMSILUnited Nations Mission in Sierra LeoneUNAVEM IUnited Nations Angola Verification Mission IUNAVEM IIUnited Nations Angola Verification Mission IIUNAVEM IIIUnited Nations Angola Verification Mission IIIUNDOFUnited Nations Disengagement Observer ForceUNDPUnited Nations Development ProgrammeUNEF IUnited Nations Emergency Force IUNEF IIUnited Nations Emergency Force IIUNEPSUnited Nations Emergency Peace ServiceUNFICYPUnited Nations Peacekeeping Force in CyprusUNGOMAPUnited Nations Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and PakistanUNHCROffice of the United Nations High Commissioner for RefugeesUNICEFUnited Nations International Children’s Emergency FundUNIFILUnited Nations Interim Force in LebanonUNIIMOGUnited Nations Iran–Iraq Military Observer GroupUNIKOMUnited Nations Iraq–Kuwait Military Observation MissionUNIPOMUnited Nations India–Pakistan Observer MissionUNISFAUnited Nations Interim Security Force for AbyeiUNITAUnião Nacional para a Independência Total de AngolaUNITAFUnified Task Force (Somalia)UNITARUnited Nations Institute for Training and ResearchUNMEEUnited Nations Mission in Ethiopia and EritreaUNMIBHUnited Nations Mission in Bosnia and HerzegovinaUNMIHUnited Nations Mission in HaitiUNMIKUnited Nations Mission in KosovoUNMILUnited Nations Mission in LiberiaUNMISUnited Nations Mission in SudanUNMISETUnited Nations Mission in Support of East TimorUNMISSUnited Nations Mission in South SudanUNMITUnited Nations Mission in Timor-LesteUNMOGIPUnited Nations Military Observer Group in India and PakistanUNMOTUnited Nations Mission of Observers in TajikistanUNOCAUnited Nations regional office in Central AsiaUNOCIUnited Nations Mission in Côte d’IvoireUNOGILUnited Nations Observation Group in LebanonUNOMIGUnited Nations Observer Mission in GeorgiaUNOMILUnited Nations Observer Mission in LiberiaUNOMSILUnited Nations Observer Mission in Sierra LeoneUNOMURUnited Nations Observer Mission in Uganda/RwandaUNOSOM IUnited Nations Operation in Somalia IUNOSOM IIUnited Nations Operation in Somalia IIUNOWAUnited Nations regional office in West AfricaUNPAUnited Nations Protected Area (Croatia)UNPOLUnited Nations PoliceUNPREDEPUnited Nations Preventive Deployment Force (Macedonia)UNPROFORUnited Nations Protection Force (former Yugoslavia)UNSASUN Standby Arrangements SystemUNSCOBUnited Nations Special Committee on the BalkansUNSMIHUnited Nations Support Mission for HaitiUNTACUnited Nations Transitional Authority in CambodiaUNTAESUnited Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja, Western SirmiumUNTAETUnited Nations Transition Authority in East TimorUNTAGUnited Nations Transitional Assistance Group (Namibia)UNTEAUnited Nations Temporary Executive AuthorityUNTMIHUnited Nations Transition Mission in HaitiUNTSOUnited Nations Truce Supervision OrganizationUNYOMUnited Nations Yemen Observation MissionUSAIDUS Agency for International DevelopmentWPSWomen, Peace and Security
Acknowledgements
In compiling the third edition, we would like to thank the many friends, colleagues and peacekeepers who have influenced our views on these issues. In addition, we have benefited enormously from discussing these topics with students who have taken our respective courses on peace operations over the last two decades. The team at Polity, as well as the anonymous reviewers, also deserve thanks for their incisive editing and comments, which helped improve the manuscript in several ways. Our thanks are also due to Eric Rudberg for his help in compiling the book’s index.
Finally, the authors and publisher would like to thank the following for permission to use copyright material: