A Guide for the Study of Animals. Worrallo Whitney
him at the outset to be constantly on the outlook for specimens and to show him how much may be learned from common things right around him, if he will only use his eyes. We have also begun the more formal portion of the guide with insects, since in the fall they are easily collected and may be studied alive. They illustrate, moreover, the principles of classification and method of using keys and other means of finding out the names of animals. This would seem to be pedagogically sound, for some recent experiments with pupils show that the first question that comes into a child's mind upon seeing a new or strange specimen is "What is it?"
A larger portion of the guide is given to the chordates than is usually the case. The authors also believe that this is correct and in accord with the natural interest of the pupil. It will serve to connect his zoölogy more closely with his daily experiences.
There is material enough provided to allow the teacher a chance to select that best adapted to his purposes or conditions as well as to provide for those schools that give more than one year to zoölogy.
CHAPTER I
Introductory Studies of Living Animals 1
Fly, 1; Maggot, 3; Cockroach, 4; Spider, 5; Cricket, 6; Grasshopper, 7; Butterfly or Moth, 9; Caterpillar, 10; Tussock Moth, 11; Beetle, 13; Damsel Fly Larva, 14; Plant Lice and Scale Bugs, 15; Water Bugs and Beetles, 17; Getting Acquainted with the Library, 18.
CHAPTER II
Field Studies, 20; Grasshoppers or Locusts, 23; Comparative Study of Orthoptera, 28; Key to Orthoptera, 29; Dragon Fly, 30; Honeybee, 31; General Study of Insects, 33; Review of Insects, 35; Key to Principal Orders, 36; Some Common Butterflies, 38; Summary of Insects, 37; General Review and Library Exercise, 40.
CHAPTER III
The Connection between Structure and Function 44
Protozoa: A Study of the Cell, 44; Comparative Study, 48; Review and Library Exercise, 49; Sponges, 51; Review and Library Exercise, 53. Cœlenterates: Hydra, 54; Comparative Study, 58; Review and Library Exercise, 59. Worms: Living Earthworm, 61; External Morphology, 64; Internal Morphology, 64; Microscopic Anatomy, 66; Summary, 68; Review and Library Exercise, 70; Connection between Structure and Function, 72.
CHAPTER IV
Crayfishes: Living Crayfish, 73; Morphology, 75; Summary, 79; Review and Library Exercise, 81.
CHAPTER V
Adaptation for Protection from Enemies 83
Mollusca: Clam, 83; Snail, 87; Squid, 89; Comparative Study, 91; Review and Library Exercise, 92. Comparative Study of Exoskeletons, 93; Protective Coloration, 94; Animal Associations, 96; Protective Habits and Powers, 98; Defensive Structures, 99; Thesis: "Adaptation for Protection," 99.