Planning and Executing Credible Experiments. Robert J. Moffat
The Logbook 14.2 Report Writing 14.3 International Organization for Standardization, ISO 9000 and other Standards 14.4 Never Forget. Always Remember
23 Appendix A: Distributing Variation and Pooled Variance A.1 Inescapable Distributions A.2 Other Common Distributions A.3 Pooled Variance (Advanced Topic)
24 Appendix B: Illustrative Tables for Statistical Design B.1 Useful Tables for Statistical Design of Experiments B.2 The Plackett–Burman (PB) Screening Designs
25 Appendix C: Hand Analysis of Two‐Level Factorial Designs C.1 The General Two‐Level Factorial Design C.2 Estimating the Significance of the Apparent Factor Effects C.3 Hand Analysis of a Plackett–Burman (PB) 12‐Run Design C.4 Illustrative Practice Example for the PB 12‐Run Pattern C.5 Answer Key: Compare Your Hand Calculations C.6 Equations for Hand Calculations
26 Appendix D: Free Recommended Software: Obtain Recommended Free, Open‐Source Software for Your Computer D.1 Instructions to Obtain the R Language for Statistics D.2 Instructions to Obtain LibreOffice D.3 Instructions to Obtain Gosset D.4 Possible Use of RStudio
27 Index
List of Tables
1 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Overview of a research experiment plan.Table 3.2 Review the program plan. Do risk assessment and plan risk abatement. I...Table 3.3 Assess the credibility of the program. Do risk assessment and plan ...
2 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Stanton number as a function of blowing fraction, F.Table 6.2 Data format for computer and statistical analysis: text example.
3 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Economic experiment example for shoe store.Table 7.2 t‐Distribution.
4 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Example 1, Part 1: codebook of test conditions for a three‐level, t...Table 8.2 Example l, Part 2: coding and assignment of trial identification nu...Table 8.3 Example 1, Part 3: the randomized trial schedule and test results.Table 8.4 Example 1, Part 4: Analysis of Variance of the modeling terms.Table 8.5 Example 2, Part 1: Codebook of factors and codings for a six‐factor...Table 8.6 Example 2, Part 2: 12‐run PB design for a six‐ parameter problem.Table 8.7 Example 2, Part 3: Analysis of Variance as parsed for each model te...
5 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Codebook for life jacket safety spreadsheet (total versus partial r...Table 9.2 List of factors for industrial test plan example, plus material pro...Table 9.3 PB‐guided initial 12 runs of industrial example.Table 9.4 Analysis of Variance of factors for the full first‐order linear mod...
6 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Sensitivity coefficients.Table 11.2 Probability points of the double‐sided student's t‐distribution.Table 11.3 Estimating sigma fromS N.
7 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Candidate factors for factory production.Table 13.2 Uncertainty of predicted material strength, for each machine, at k...Table 13.3 Example 8.2.Analysis of Variance (anova) as parsed for each model ...Table 13.4 R results of dual predictive model, mod9.Table 13.5 Predicted strengths over the operating map using the dual predicti...Table 13.6 Uncertainty of dual prediction model material strength, for each m...Table 13.7 Overall Uncertainty at key operating points. Compare dual and indi...Table 13.8 Predicted strengths over the operating mmap using individual machi...Table 13.9 Side‐by‐side comparison of all model values derived in this chapte...
8 1Table A.1 Factors for various confidence intervals, Student's double‐sided t‐...
9 2Table B.1 Sets of random orders for trials.Table B.2 Two‐level factorial design logical patterns.Table B.3 Twelve‐run PB design pattern.Table B.4 Eight‐run PB design pattern.
10 3Table C.1 Quick hand statistics: means, ranges, variances (Chapter 8, Example...Table C.2 Legend of worksheet interim values (Chapter 8, Example l, Part 6).Table C.3 Computing table for two‐level factorial experiments (≤ five factors...Table C.4 Computing the factor effects from a two‐level design (Chapter 8, Ex...Table C.5 Twelve‐run PB worksheet (using data from Chapter 8, Example 2).Table C.6 Selecting a recommended significance level.
List of Illustrations
1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 The experiment viewed as an instrument. Adjust the instrument by ...Figure 1.2 The Bundt cake as delivered. A high heat‐transfer coefficient lif...
2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Rice cooker design trajectory.Figure 2.2 Is this a single sine wave with some scatter in the data? Does it...
3 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 A statistical plan focuses on a region around the central point. ...
4 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Mapping the prior art shows where to work and where to look for a...Figure 6.2 Positioning the operable domain of the second rig in this way all...Figure 6.3 The hardware components of the applied thermometry rig.Figure 6.4 The first description of the operable domain, in the simplest coo...Figure 6.5 The domain is closed by two constraints: the mass flow limit line...Figure 6.6 Unit Reynolds number versus velocity, with overlaid lines of cons...Figure 6.7 The final form of the operable domain map, in unit Reynolds numbe...Figure 6.8 A map in operator's coordinates allows for speedy and safe change...Figure 6.9 The data from Table 6.1, plotted in a conventional manner, are no...Figure 6.10 The data from Table 6.1, plotted in an oblique view, reveals tre...
5 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Model prediction and experimental results.Figure 7.2 The Normal Distribution.Figure 7.3 Various plots to inspect results of the shoe store example experi...Figure 7.4 Initial model of hiloy data.Figure 7.5 Model 5 provided best “least‐squares” straight line fits for each...Figure 7.6 Contributions to Uncertainty at 95% confidence for model 5 terms....Figure 7.7 Compare Uncertainty bands for two models of alloy C.
6 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Sampling locations.Figure 8.2 The coded unit