The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2003 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


Скачать книгу
of Mount Pljesevica;

       parliamentarians are far from ratifying the Croatia-Slovenia land

       and maritime boundary agreement, which would have ceded most of

       Pirin Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and several villages to

       Croatia; in late 2002, Croatia and Serbia and Montenegro adopted an

       interim agreement to settle the disputed Prevlaka Peninsula,

       allowing the withdrawal of the UN monitoring mission (UNMOP), but

       discussions could be complicated by the inability of Serbia and

       Montenegro to come to an agreement on the economic aspects of the

       new federal union; Croatia and Italy continue to debate bilateral

       property and ethnic minority rights issues stemming from border

       changes after the Second World War

      Illicit drugs:

       transit point along the Balkan route for Southwest Asian heroin to

       Western Europe; has been used as a transit point for maritime

       shipments of South American cocaine bound for Western Europe

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

      ======================================================================

      @Cuba

      Introduction Cuba

      Background:

       Fidel CASTRO led a rebel army to victory in 1959; his iron rule has

       held the country together since then. Cuba's Communist revolution,

       with Soviet support, was exported throughout Latin America and

       Africa during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. The country is now slowly

       recovering from a severe economic recession in 1990, following the

       withdrawal of former Soviet subsidies, worth $4 billion to $6

       billion annually. Cuba portrays its difficulties as the result of

       the US embargo in place since 1961. Illicit migration to the US -

       using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, or falsified visas - is a

       continuing problem. Some 2,500 Cubans attempted the crossing of the

       Straits of Florida in 2002; the US Coast Guard apprehended about 60%

       of the individuals.

      Geography Cuba

      Location:

       Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic

       Ocean, 150 km south of Key West, Florida

      Geographic coordinates:

       21 30 N, 80 00 W

      Map references:

       Central America and the Caribbean

      Area:

       total: 110,860 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

       land: 110,860 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

      Land boundaries:

       total: 29 km

       border countries: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay 29 km

       note: Guantanamo Naval Base is leased by the US and thus remains

       part of Cuba

      Coastline:

       3,735 km

      Maritime claims:

       exclusive economic zone: 200 NM

       territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate:

       tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April);

       rainy season (May to October)

      Terrain:

       mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in

       the southeast

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m

       highest point: Pico Turquino 2,005 m

      Natural resources:

       cobalt, nickel, iron ore, copper, manganese, salt, timber, silica,

       petroleum, arable land

      Land use:

       arable land: 33.04%

       other: 59.35% (1998 est.)

       permanent crops: 7.61%

      Irrigated land:

       870 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to October (in

       general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year);

       droughts are common

      Environment - current issues:

       air and water pollution; biodiversity loss; deforestation

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change,

       Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification,

       Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer

       Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

       signed, but not ratified: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate

       Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation

      Geography - note:

       largest country in Caribbean and westernmost island of the Greater

       Antilles

      People Cuba

      Population:

       11,263,429 (July 2003 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 20.1% (male 1,164,376; female 1,103,061)

       15–64 years: 69.6% (male 3,932,604; female 3,909,523)

       65 years and over: 10.2% (male 531,608; female 622,257) (2003 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 34.5 years

       male: 33.9 years

       female: 35.1 years (2002)

      Population growth rate:

       0.34% (2003 est.)

      Birth rate:

       11.87 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Death rate:

       7.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       −1.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female

       total population: 1 male(s)/female (2003 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 7.15 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)

       male: 8.06 deaths/1,000 live births

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 76.8 years

       male:


Скачать книгу