The 1997 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 1997 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


Скачать книгу
domestic: sparse system of open wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay international : satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0

      Radios: NA

      Television broadcast stations: 1

      Televisions: 4,500 (1993 est.)

      @Burundi:Transportation

      Railways: 0 km

      Highways: total: 14,480 km paved : 1,028 km unpaved: 13,452 km (1995 est.)

      Waterways: Lake Tanganyika

      Ports and harbors: Bujumbura

      Airports: 3 (1996 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total : 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (1996 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (1996 est.)

      Military

      Military branches: Army (includes naval and air units), paramilitary

       Gendarmerie

      Military manpower - military age: 16 years of age

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15–49: 1,346,737 (1997 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males: 700,914 (1997 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males : 70,013 (1997 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $25 million (1993)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 2.6% (1993)

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: none ______________________________________________________________________

      CAMBODIA

      @Cambodia:Geography

      Location: Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between

       Thailand and Vietnam

      Geographic coordinates: 13 00 N, 105 00 E

      Map references: Southeast Asia

      Area: total: 181,040 sq km land: 176,520 sq km water: 4,520 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Oklahoma

      Land boundaries: total : 2,572 km border countries: Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km

      Coastline: 443 km

      Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm

      Climate: tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season

       (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation

      Terrain: mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m highest point: Phnum Aoral 1,810 m

      Natural resources: timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential

      Land use: arable land: 13% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures : 11% forests and woodland: 66% other : 10% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 920 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts

      Environment - current issues: logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand are resulting in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); deforestation; soil erosion; in rural areas, a majority of the population does not have access to potable water

      Environment - international agreements: party to : Biodiversity, Climate Change, Marine Life Conservation, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified: Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping

      Geography - note: a land of paddies and forests dominated by the

       Mekong River and Tonle Sap

      @Cambodia:People

      Population: 11,163,861 (July 1997 est.)

      Age structure: 0–14 years: 45% (male 2,573,135; female 2,497,776) 15–64 years : 52% (male 2,668,089; female 3,084,009) 65 years and over: 3% (male 144,001; female 196,851) (July 1997 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.72% (1997 est.)

      Birth rate: 42.63 births/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Death rate: 15.39 deaths/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1997 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years : 1.03 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 0.86 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (1997 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 106 deaths/1,000 live births (1997 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 50.25 years male: 48.79 years female : 51.79 years (1997 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 5.81 children born/woman (1997 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Cambodian(s) adjective: Cambodian

      Ethnic groups: Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%

      Religions: Theravada Buddhism 95%, other 5%

      Languages: Khmer (official), French

      Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population : 35% male: 48% female : 22% (1990 est.)

      @Cambodia:Government

      Country name: conventional long form: Kingdom of Cambodia conventional short form: Cambodia local long form: Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea local short form: Kampuchea

      Data code: CB

      Government type: multiparty liberal democracy under a constitutional monarchy established in September 1993

      National capital: Phnom Penh

      Administrative divisions: 22 provinces (khett, singular and plural)

       and 1 municipality* (krong, singular and plural); Banteay Mean Cheay,

       Batdambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe, Kampong Thum,

       Kampot, Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Keb*, Kracheh, Mondol Kiri, Otdar Mean

       Cheay, Phnum Penh, Pouthisat, Preah Seihanu (Sihanoukville), Preah

       Vihear, Prey Veng, Rotanah Kiri, Siem Reab, Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng,

       Takev

      Independence: 9 November 1949 (from France)

      National holiday: Independence Day, 9 November 1949

      Constitution: promulgated 21 September 1993

      Legal system: currently being defined

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch: chief of state: King Norodom SIHANOUK (reinstated 24 September 1993) head of government: power shared between First Prime Minister Prince Norodom RANARIDDH (since NA 1993) and Second Prime Minister HUN SEN (since NA 1993) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the king elections : none; the king is a constitutional monarch; prime ministers appointed by the king

      Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly (120 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 23 May 1993 (next to be held NA 1998) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FUNCINPEC 58, CPP 51, BLDP 10, MOLINAKA 1 note : the May 1993 elections were for the Constituent


Скачать книгу