The United States and Latin America. John Holladay Latané
House and an account of its regulations is given by Veitia Linage in his "Norte de la Contratacion," Seville, 1672; translated into English by Captain John Stevens under the title, "Spanish Rule of Trade to the West Indies," London, 1702. Linage was for a number of years Treasurer and Comptroller of the India House. A good summary of the history and regulations of the House is given by Prof. Bernard Moses in his "Casa de Contratacion" in the Papers of the Am. Hist. Ass. for 1894, and in the third chapter of his "Establishment of Spanish Rule in America."
[5] Linage, "Norte de la Contratacion," p. 107.
[6] Ibid., p. 110.
[7] Ibid., p. 113.
[8] Ibid., p. 114.
[9] Ibid., p. 109.
[10] Ibid., p. 109.
[11] Linage, "Norte de la Contratacion," pp. 191–193.
[12] Hall's "Journal," Vol. I, pp. 253–254.
[13] "The Assiento; or Contract for Allowing to the Subjects of Great Britain the Liberty of Importing Negroes into the Spanish America." Printed by John Baskett, London, 1713.
[14] "The Assiento; or Contract for Allowing to the Subjects of Great Britain the Liberty of Importing Negroes into the Spanish America." London, 1713.
[15] Ulloa, "Voyage to South America." English translation, London, 1806, Vol. I, p. 105.
[16] "Letters and Despatches of Castlereagh," Vol. VII, p. 266 ff. This volume is rich in information in regard to England's Spanish-American policy.
[17] W. S. Robertson, "Francisco de Miranda and the Revolutionizing of Spanish America" (1909).
[18] "Life and Correspondence of Rufus King," New York, 1894, Vol. II, App. 5. For further information regarding his relations with Miranda, see extracts from his Memorandum Book, in Vol. III, App. 3.
[19] See Miranda's letter to President Adams, March 24, 1798. "Life and Corresp. of King," Vol. II, p. 654.
[20] "Life and Corresp. of King," Vol. II, p. 650.
[21] See King's letter to Hamilton, March 4, 1799. "Life and Corresp.," p. 662.
[22] "Letters and Despatches of Castlereagh," Vol. VII.
[23] See Sherman, "General Account of Miranda's Expedition," N. Y., 1808.
[24] H. A. Washington, "Writings of Thomas Jefferson," Vol. V, p. 474; "Madison's Writings," Vol. II, pp. 220, 225.
[25] "Letters and Despatches of Castlereagh," Vol. VII, p. 314 ff.
[26] See Watson, "Spanish and Portuguese South America." 2 Vols. London, 1884, Vol. II, p. 271 ff.
[27] See "Letters and Despatches of Castlereagh," Vol. VII, p. 316 ff.
[28] Romero, "Mexico and the United States," Putnam, 1898, p. 287.
[29] "Letters and Despatches of Castlereagh," Vol. VII.
[30] Mitre, "The Emancipation of South America." Translated by Pilling. London, 1893.
[31] See Cochrane (Earl Dundonald), "Service in Chili." 2 Vols. London, 1859.
[32] Hall's "Journal," Vol. I, p. 181. Report of Conversation with San Martin in Callao Roads.
[33] Hall's "Journal," Vol. I, p. 194.
[34] Holstein, "Life of Bolivar." Boston, 1829.
[35] Hall's "Journal," Vol. II, p. 188.
[36] See the statement of Iturbide in regard to his political life published in the Pamphleteer, London, 1827.
CHAPTER II
The Recognition of the Spanish-American Republics
The struggle of the South American peoples for independence was viewed from the first with feelings of profound satisfaction and sympathy in the United States. From the commencement of the revolution South American vessels were admitted into the ports of the United States under whatever flag they bore. It does not appear that any formal declaration according belligerent rights to the said provinces was ever made, though a resolution to that effect was introduced into the House by committee as early as December 10, 1811.[37] Such formal action was apparently not deemed necessary and, as there was no Spanish minister resident in the United States at that time to protest, our ports were probably thrown open, as a matter of course.[38] The fact that they were accorded full belligerent rights from the first was afterwards stated by President Monroe in his annual messages of 1817 and 1818 and in his special message of March 8, 1822.[39]
At an early date of the revolution commissioners