The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 1999 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


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cargo 11, short-sea passenger 1 (1998 est.)

      Airports: 3,265 (1998 est.)

      Airports—with paved runways: total: 514 over 3,047 m: 5 2,438 to 3,047 m: 19 1,524 to 2,437 m: 134 914 to 1,523 m: 325 under 914 m: 31 (1998 est.)

      Airports—with unpaved runways: total: 2,751 1,524 to 2,437 m: 73 914 to 1,523 m: 1,312 under 914 m: 1,366 (1998 est.)

      Military

      Military branches: Brazilian Army, Brazilian Navy (includes naval air and marines), Brazilian Air Force, Federal Police (paramilitary)

      Military manpower—military age: 18 years of age

      Military manpower—availability:

       males age 15–49: 47,230,426 (1999 est.)

      Military manpower—fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 31,723,597 (1999 est.)

      Military manpower—reaching military age annually:

       males: 1,841,858 (1999 est.)

      Military expenditures—dollar figure: $14.7 billion (1998)

      Military expenditures—percent of GDP: 1.9% (1998)

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes—international: two short sections of boundary with Uruguay are in dispute—Arroio Invernada (Arroyo de la Invernada) area of the Rio Quarai (Rio Cuareim) and the islands at the confluence of the Rio Quarai and the Uruguay River

      Illicit drugs: limited illicit producer of cannabis, minor coca cultivation in the Amazon region, mostly used for domestic consumption; government has a large-scale eradication program to control cannabis; important transshipment country for Bolivian, Colombian, and Peruvian cocaine headed for the US and Europe; increasingly used by traffickers as a way station for narcotics air transshipments between Peru and Colombia

      ======================================================================

      @British Indian Ocean Territory———————————————

      Geography

      Location: Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia

      Geographic coordinates: 6 00 S, 71 30 E

      Map references: World

      Area:

       total: 60 sq km

       land: 60 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

       note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago

      Area—comparative: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: 0 km

      Coastline: 698 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 3 nm

      Climate: tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds

      Terrain: flat and low (up to four meters in elevation)

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m

      Natural resources: coconuts, fish

      Land use:

       arable land: 0%

       permanent crops: 0%

       permanent pastures: 0%

       forests and woodland: NA%

       other: NA%

      Irrigated land: 0 sq km (1993)

      Natural hazards: NA

      Environment—current issues: NA

      Environment—international agreements:

       party to: NA

       signed, but not ratified: NA

      Geography—note: archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia,

       largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in

       central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility

      People

      Population: no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 3,000 native inhabitants, known as the Chagosians or Ilois, were evacuated to Mauritius before construction of UK-US military facilities; now there are UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island

      Government

      Country name:

       conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory

       conventional short form: none

       abbreviation: BIOT

      Data code: IO

      Dependency status: overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London

      Legal system: NA

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

       head of government: Commissioner David Ross MACLENNAN (since NA

       1994); Administrator Don CAIRNS (since NA); note—both reside in the

       UK

       cabinet: NA

       elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and

       administrator appointed by the monarch

      Diplomatic representation in the US: none (overseas territory of

       the UK)

      Diplomatic representation from the US: none (overseas territory

       of the UK)

      Flag description: white with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and six blue wavy horizontal stripes bearing a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag

      Economy

      Economy—overview: All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands.

      Electricity—production: NA kWh note: electricity supplied by the US military

      Electricity—consumption: NA kWh

      Communications

      Telephones: NA

      Telephone system: facilities for military needs only

       domestic: NA

       international: NA

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

      Radios: NA

      Television broadcast stations: 1 (1997)

      Televisions: NA

      Transportation

      Highways:

       total: NA km

       paved: short stretch of paved road of NA km between port and

       airfield on Diego Garcia

       unpaved: NA km

      Ports and harbors: Diego Garcia

      Airports: 1 (1998 est.)

      Airports—with paved runways: total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (1998 est.)

      Military

      Military—note: defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes—international: the Chagos Archipelago


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