HbA
1c (to diagnose diabetes)
e
≥47
|
mmol/mol
|
≥6.5
|
%
|
|
Insulin
|
|
Fasting
|
<69.5
|
pmol/L
|
<10
|
mU/L
|
|
When glucose <2.5 mmol/L (<45 mg/dL)
|
<34.7
|
pmol/L
|
<5
|
mU/L
|
|
When glucose <1.5 mmol/L (<27 mg/dL)
|
<13.9
|
pmol/L
|
<2
|
mU/L
|
|
Insulin‐like growth factor If
|
|
25–39 years
|
114–492
|
ng/mL
|
–
|
–
|
|
40–54 years
|
90–360
|
ng/mL
|
–
|
–
|
|
>54 years
|
71–290
|
ng/mL
|
–
|
–
|
|
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
|
|
Males
|
0.5–9.0
|
U/L
|
–
|
–
|
|
Females
|
|
Early follicular phase
|
0.5–14.5
|
U/L
|
–
|
–
|
|
Postmenopausal
|
>20
|
U/L
|
–
|
–
|
|
Metanephrine
|
0–0.5
|
nmol/L
|
0–99
|
pg/mL
|
|
Metanephrine (urine)
|
0–2.0
|
μmol/24 h
|
24–96
|
μg/24 h
|
|
Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
|
0–3.5
|
nmol/L
|
0–600
|
pg/mL
|
|
Norepinephrine (urine)
|
0–0.2
|
μmol/24 h
|
15–80
|
μg/24 h
|
|
Normetanephrine
|
0–1.0
|
nmol/L
|
0–180
|
pg/mL
|
|
Normetanephrine (urine)
|
0–3.0
|
μmol/24 h
|
75–375
|
μg/24 h
|
|
Oestradiol
|
|
Males
|
37–130
|
pmol/L
|
10–35
|
pg/mL
|
|
Females
|
|
Early follicular phase
|
70–600
|
pmol/L
|
19–160
|
pg/mL
|
|
Mid‐cycle
|
700–1900
|
pmol/L
|
188–371
|
pg/mL
|
|
Luteal phase
|
300–1250
|
pmol/L
|
81–337
|
pg/mL
|
|
Pancreatic polypetide (fasting)
|
0–100
|
pmol/L
|
0–418.5
|
pg/mL
|
|
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
|
0–4.4
|
pmol/L
|
0–41.5
|
pg/mL
|
|
Prolactin
|
80–500
|
mU/L
|
3.8–23.6
|
ng/mL
|
|
Progesterone (day 21, luteal phase)
|
>30
|
nmol/L
|
>9.4
|
ng/mL
|
|
Renin (AM; out of bed for 2 h; seated 5–15 min)a , g
|
2–30
|
mU/L
|
0.9–13.6
|
pg/mL
|
|
Sex hormone‐binding globulin
|
|
Females
|
40–120
|
nmol/L
|
–
|
–
|
|
Males
|
20–60
|
nmol/L
|
–
|
–
|
|
Somatostatin (fasting)
|
0–150
|
pmol/L
|
0–245
|
pg/mL
|
|
Testosterone
|
|
Males
|
8–35
|
nmol/L
|
230–1000
|
ng/mL
|
|
Females
|
0.7–3.0
|
nmol/L
|
20–85
|
ng/mL
|
|
Thyroglobulin
|
1.5–30
|
pmol/L
|
1–20
|
μg/L
|
Thyroid‐stimulating
|
