The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency
$8.759 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
Exports - commodities:
crude oil and petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products,
chemicals
Exports - partners:
US 13.3%, Italy 12.3%, UK 7.9%, France 4.7%, Germany 4.7%, India
4.2% (2003)
Imports:
$14.75 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products, fuels
Imports - partners:
US 13.6%, Germany 7.4%, Italy 7%, France 6.6%, China 4.8%, Saudi
Arabia 4.3% (2003)
Reserves of foreign exchange & gold:
$14.22 billion (2003)
Debt - external:
$30.34 billion (2003 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:
ODA, $1.2 billion (2001)
Currency:
Egyptian pound (EGP)
Currency code:
EGP
Exchange rates:
Egyptian pounds per US dollar - 5.8509 (2003), 4.4997 (2002), 3.973
(2001), 3.4721 (2000), 3.3953 (1999)
Fiscal year:
1 July - 30 June
Communications Egypt
Telephones - main lines in use:
8,735,700 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
5,797,500 (2003)
Telephone system:
general assessment: large system; underwent extensive upgrading
during 1990s and is reasonably modern; Internet access and cellular
service are available
domestic: principal centers at Alexandria, Cairo, Al Mansurah,
Ismailia, Suez, and Tanta are connected by coaxial cable and
microwave radio relay
international: country code - 20; satellite earth stations - 2
Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean), 1 Arabsat, and 1
Inmarsat; 5 coaxial submarine cables; tropospheric scatter to Sudan;
microwave radio relay to Israel; a participant in Medarabtel and a
signatory to Project Oxygen (a global submarine fiber-optic cable
system)
Radio broadcast stations:
AM 42 (plus 15 repeaters), FM 14, shortwave 3 (1999)
Radios:
20.5 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations:
98 (September 1995)
Televisions:
7.7 million (1997)
Internet country code:
.eg
Internet hosts:
3,401 (2004)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
50 (2000)
Internet users:
2.7 million (2003)
Transportation Egypt
Railways: total: 5,063 km standard gauge: 5,063 km 1.435-m gauge (62 km electrified) (2003)
Highways: total: 64,000 km paved: 49,984 km unpaved: 14,016 km (1999 est.)
Waterways:
3,500 km
note: includes Nile River, Lake Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway,
and numerous smaller canals in delta; Suez Canal (193.5 km including
approaches) navigable by oceangoing vessels drawing up to 17.68 m
(2004)
Pipelines:
condensate 289 km; condensate/gas 94 km; gas 6,115 km; liquid
petroleum gas 852 km; oil 5,032 km; oil/gas/water 36 km; refined
products 246 km (2004)
Ports and harbors:
Alexandria, Al Ghardaqah, Aswan, Asyut, Bur Safajah, Damietta,
Marsa Matruh, Port Said, Suez
Merchant marine:
total: 159 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,194,696 GRT/1,754,815 DWT
foreign-owned: China 2, Cyprus 1, Denmark 1, Greece 6, Lebanon 2,
Turkey 1
registered in other countries: 50 (2004 est.)
by type: bulk 18, cargo 41, container 5, passenger 64, petroleum
tanker 14, roll on/roll off 13, short-sea/passenger 4
Airports:
89 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 72
over 3,047 m: 13
2,438 to 3,047 m: 38
under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)
1,524 to 2,437 m: 17
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 15
under 914 m: 7 (2004 est.)
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 5
Heliports:
2 (2003 est.)
Military Egypt
Military branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Command
Military manpower - military age and obligation: 18 years of age for conscript military service; 3-year service obligation (2001)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15–49: 20,340,716 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15–49: 13,148,944 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 756,233 (2004 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$2,443.2 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
3.6% (2003)
Transnational Issues Egypt
Disputes - international:
Egypt and Sudan retain claims to administer the triangular areas
that extend north and south of the 1899 Treaty boundary along the
22nd Parallel, but have withdrawn their military presence; Egypt is
economically developing and effectively administers the "Hala'ib
Triangle" north of the Treaty line
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 70,215 (Palestinian Territories)
(2004)
Illicit drugs: