The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2004 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


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      Airports - with paved runways:

       total: 3

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 1

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 1

       less than 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

       total: 1

       under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)

      Military Equatorial Guinea

      Military branches:

       Army, Navy, Air Force, Rapid Intervention Force

      Military manpower - military age and obligation:

       18 years of age (est.) (2004)

      Military manpower - availability:

       males age 15–49: 120,463 (2004 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 61,084 (2004 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $75.1 million (2003)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       2.5% (2003)

      Transnational Issues Equatorial Guinea

      Disputes - international:

       in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of

       Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of

       Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an

       island at the mouth of the Ntem River, imprecisely defined

       coordinates in the ICJ decision, and the unresolved Bakasi

       allocation contribute to the delay in implementation; creation of a

       maritime boundary in hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay with Gabon is

       hampered by dispute over Mbane Island, administered and occupied by

       Gabon since the 1970s

      This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Eritrea

      Introduction Eritrea

      Background:

       Eritrea was awarded to Ethiopia in 1952 as part of a federation.

       Ethiopia's annexation of Eritrea as a province 10 years later

       sparked a 30-year struggle for independence that ended in 1991 with

       Eritrean rebels defeating governmental forces; independence was

       overwhelmingly approved in a 1993 referendum. A two-and-a-half-year

       border war with Ethiopia that erupted in 1998 ended under UN

       auspices on 12 December 2000. Eritrea currently hosts a UN

       peacekeeping operation that is monitoring a 25 km-wide Temporary

       Security Zone on the border with Ethiopia. An international

       commission, organized to resolve the border dispute, posted its

       findings in 2002 but final demarcation is on hold due to Ethiopian

       objections.

      Geography Eritrea

      Location:

       Eastern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Djibouti and Sudan

      Geographic coordinates:

       15 00 N, 39 00 E

      Map references:

       Africa

      Area:

       total: 121,320 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

       land: 121,320 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly larger than Pennsylvania

      Land boundaries:

       total: 1,626 km

       border countries: Djibouti 109 km, Ethiopia 912 km, Sudan 605 km

      Coastline:

       2,234 km total; mainland on Red Sea 1,151 km, islands in Red Sea

       1,083 km

      Maritime claims:

       territorial sea: 12 nm

      Climate:

       hot, dry desert strip along Red Sea coast; cooler and wetter in the

       central highlands (up to 61 cm of rainfall annually); semiarid in

       western hills and lowlands; rainfall heaviest during June-September

       except in coastal desert

      Terrain:

       dominated by extension of Ethiopian north-south trending highlands,

       descending on the east to a coastal desert plain, on the northwest

       to hilly terrain and on the southwest to flat-to-rolling plains

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: near Kulul within the Denakil depression −75 m

       highest point: Soira 3,018 m

      Natural resources:

       gold, potash, zinc, copper, salt, possibly oil and natural gas, fish

      Land use: arable land: 4.95% permanent crops: 0.03% other: 95.02% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       220 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       frequent droughts; locust swarms

      Environment - current issues:

       deforestation; desertification; soil erosion; overgrazing; loss of

       infrastructure from civil warfare

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered

       Species

       signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note:

       strategic geopolitical position along world's busiest shipping

       lanes; Eritrea retained the entire coastline of Ethiopia along the

       Red Sea upon de jure independence from Ethiopia on 24 May 1993

      People Eritrea

      Population:

       4,447,307 (July 2004 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 44.8% (male 998,404; female 993,349)

       15–64 years: 51.9% (male 1,140,892; female 1,166,481)

       65 years and over: 3.3% (male 72,776; female 75,405) (2004 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 17.5 years

       male: 17.3 years

       female: 17.7 years (2004 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       2.57% (2004 est.)

      Birth rate:

       39.03 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Death rate:

       13.36 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       0 migrant(s)/1,000 population

       note: UNHCR began repatriating about 150,000 Eritrean refugees from

       Sudan in 2001 following the restoration of diplomatic relations

       between the two countries


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