The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2004 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


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total: 7,970 km

       paved: 590 km

       unpaved: 7,380 km (1999 est.)

      Waterways:

       1,077 km

       note: Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by

       oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively (2004)

      Ports and harbors:

       Bartica, Georgetown, Linden, New Amsterdam, Parika

      Merchant marine:

       total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,475 GRT/8,758 DWT

       foreign-owned: Barbados 1, Panama 1

       registered in other countries: 8 (2004 est.)

       by type: cargo 3, container 1, refrigerated cargo 1

      Airports:

       49 (2003 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways:

       total: 8

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 3

       under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 41 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 32 (2004 est.)

      Military Guyana

      Military branches:

       Guyana Defense Force: Ground Forces, Coast Guard, Air Corps; Guyana

       People's Militia

      Military manpower - availability:

       males age 15–49: 209,545 (2004 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 157,264 (2004 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $6.5 million (2003)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       0.8% (2003)

      Transnational Issues Guyana

      Disputes - international:

       all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) is claimed by

       Venezuela preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana

       has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims

       before UNCLOS that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with

       Venezuela extends into their waters; Suriname claims a triangle of

       land between the New and Kutari/Koetari rivers in a historic dispute

       over the headwaters of the Courantyne; Guyana seeks UNCLOS

       arbitration to resolve the long-standing dispute with Suriname over

       the axis of the territorial sea boundary in potentially oil-rich

       waters

      Illicit drugs:

       transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily

       Venezuela - to Europe and the US; producer of cannabis

      This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Haiti

      Introduction Haiti

      Background:

       The native Arawak Amerindians - who inhabited the island of

       Hispaniola when it was discovered by Columbus in 1492 - were

       virtually annihilated by Spanish settlers within 25 years. In the

       early 17th century, the French established a presence on Hispaniola,

       and in 1697, Spain ceded to the French the western third of the

       island - Haiti. The French colony, based on forestry and

       sugar-related industries, became one of the wealthiest in the

       Caribbean, but only through the heavy importation of African slaves

       and considerable environmental degradation. In the late 18th

       century, Haiti's nearly half million slaves revolted under Toussaint

       L'OUVERTURE and after a prolonged struggle, became the first black

       republic to declare its independence in 1804. Haiti has been plagued

       by political violence for most of its history. It is the poorest

       country in the Western Hemisphere.

      Geography Haiti

      Location:

       Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, between

       the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the

       Dominican Republic

      Geographic coordinates:

       19 00 N, 72 25 W

      Map references:

       Central America and the Caribbean

      Area:

       total: 27,750 sq km

       land: 27,560 sq km

       water: 190 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly smaller than Maryland

      Land boundaries: total: 360 km border countries: Dominican Republic 360 km

      Coastline: 1,771 km

      Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: to depth of exploitation contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

      Climate:

       tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds

      Terrain:

       mostly rough and mountainous

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m

       highest point: Chaine de la Selle 2,680 m

      Natural resources:

       bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, marble, hydropower

      Land use: arable land: 28.3% permanent crops: 11.61% other: 60.09% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       750 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe

       storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes;

       periodic droughts

      Environment - current issues:

       extensive deforestation (much of the remaining forested land is

       being cleared for agriculture and used as fuel); soil erosion;

       inadequate supplies of potable water

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the

       Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection

       signed, but not ratified: Hazardous Wastes

      Geography - note:

       shares island of Hispaniola with Dominican Republic (western

       one-third is Haiti, eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic)

      People Haiti

      Population:

       7,656,166

       note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the

       effects of excess


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