The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2005 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


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10,460

       km, Sulawesi (Celebes) 241 km, Irian Jaya 4,587 km (2004)

      Pipelines:

       condensate 850 km; condensate/gas 128 km; gas 8,506 km; oil 7,472

       km; oil/gas/water 66 km; refined products 1,329 km (2004)

      Ports and harbors:

       Banjarmasin, Belawan, Ciwandan, Krueg Geukueh, Palembang, Panjang,

       Sungai Pakning, Tanjung Perak, Tanjung Priok

      Merchant marine:

       total: 728 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 3,192,847 GRT/4,319,739 DWT

       by type: bulk carrier 35, cargo 409, chemical tanker 19, container

       36, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 1, passenger 41,

       passenger/cargo 36, petroleum tanker 125, refrigerated cargo 2, roll

       on/roll off 13, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 2

       foreign-owned: 19 (France 1, Japan 3, Philippines 1, Singapore 11,

       Switzerland 1, United Kingdom 2)

       registered in other countries: 113 (2005)

      Airports:

       667 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 154 over 3,047 m: 4 2,438 to 3,047 m: 13 1,524 to 2,437 m: 44 914 to 1,523 m: 49 under 914 m: 44 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 513 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 27 under 914 m: 480 (2004 est.)

      Heliports: 22 (2004 est.)

      Military Indonesia

      Military branches:

       Indonesia Armed Forces (TNI): Army (TNI-AD), Navy (TNI-AL, includes

       Marines, Naval Air arm), Air Force (TNI-AU)

      Military service age and obligation:

       18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service;

       conscript service obligation - 2 years (2002)

      Manpower available for military service:

       males age 18–49: 60,543,028 (2005 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

       males age 18–49: 48,687,234 (2005 est.)

      Manpower reaching military service age annually:

       males: 2,201,047 (2005 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $1.3 billion (2004)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       3% (2004)

      Transnational Issues Indonesia

      Disputes - international:

       East Timor-Indonesia Boundary Committee continues to meet, survey

       and delimit land boundary, but several sections of the boundary

       remain unresolved; Indonesia and East Timor contest the sovereignty

       of the uninhabited coral island of Palau Batek/Fatu Sinai, which

       hinders a decision on a northern maritime boundary; a 1997 treaty

       between Indonesia and Australia settled some parts of their maritime

       boundary but outstanding issues remain; ICJ's award of Sipadan and

       Ligitan islands to Malaysia in 2002 left maritime boundary in the

       hydrocarbon-rich Celebes Sea in dispute, culminating in hostile

       confrontations in March 2005 over concessions to the Ambalat oil

       block; the ICJ decision has prompted Indonesia to assert claims to

       and to establish a presence on its smaller outer islands; Indonesia

       and Singapore pledged in 2005 to finalize their 1973 maritime

       boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Batam

       Island; Indonesian secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants

       create repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea; piracy remains a

       problem in the Malacca Strait

      Refugees and internally displaced persons:

       IDPs: 535,000 (government offensives against rebels in Aceh; most

       IDPs in Aceh, Central Kalimantan, Maluku, and Central Sulawesi

       Provinces); 441,000 (resulting from 26 December 2004 tsunmai) (2004)

      Illicit drugs:

       illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic use; possible

       growing role as transshipment point for Golden Triangle heroin

      This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Iran

      Introduction Iran

      Background:

       Known as Persia until 1935, Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979

       after the ruling monarchy was overthrown and the shah was forced

       into exile. Conservative clerical forces established a theocratic

       system of government with ultimate political authority nominally

       vested in a learned religious scholar. Iranian-US relations have

       been strained since a group of Iranian students seized the US

       Embassy in Tehran on 4 November 1979 and held it until 20 January

       1981. During 1980–88, Iran fought a bloody, indecisive war with Iraq

       that eventually expanded into the Persian Gulf and led to clashes

       between US Navy and Iranian military forces between 1987–1988. Iran

       has been designated a state sponsor of terrorism for its activities

       in Lebanon and elsewhere in the world and remains subject to US

       economic sanctions and export controls because of its continued

       involvement. Following the elections of a reformist president and

       Majlis in the late 1990s, attempts to foster political reform in

       response to popular dissatisfaction have floundered as conservative

       politicians have prevented reform measures from being enacted,

       increased repressive measures, and consolidated their control over

       the government.

      Geography Iran

      Location:

       Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the

       Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan

      Geographic coordinates:

       32 00 N, 53 00 E

      Map references:

       Middle East

      Area:

       total: 1.648 million sq km

       land: 1.636 million sq km

       water: 12,000 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly larger than Alaska

      Land boundaries:

       total: 5,440 km

       border countries: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35 km,

       Azerbaijan-proper 432 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave 179 km, Iraq

       1,458 km, Pakistan 909 km, Turkey 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km

      Coastline:

      


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