The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2008 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


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foodgrains; dairy products, eggs

      Industries:

      cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages, calcium carbide, tourism

      Industrial production growth rate:

      9.3% (1996 est.)

      Electricity - production:

      4.475 billion kWh (2007 est.)

      Electricity - consumption:

      528.8 million kWh (2007 est.)

      Electricity - exports:

      3.644 billion kWh (2007 est.)

      Electricity - imports:

      11 million kWh (2007 est.)

      Electricity - production by source:

      fossil fuel: 0.1% hydro: 99.9% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)

      Oil - production:

      0 bbl/day (2007 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

      1,250 bbl/day (2006 est.)

      Oil - exports:

      0 bbl/day (2005)

      Oil - imports:

      1,152 bbl/day (2005)

      Oil - proved reserves:

      0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.)

      Natural gas - production:

      0 cu m (2007 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

      0 cu m (2007 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

      0 cu m (2007 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

      0 cu m (2007 est.)

      Natural gas - proved reserves:

      0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)

      Current account balance:

      $116 million (2007 est.)

      Exports:

      $350 million f.o.b. (2006)

      Exports - commodities:

      electricity (to India), cardamom, gypsum, timber, handicrafts, cement, fruit, precious stones, spices

      Exports - partners:

      India 58.6%, Hong Kong 30.1%, Bangladesh 7.3% (2007)

      Imports:

      $320 million c.i.f. (2006)

      Imports - commodities:

      fuel and lubricants, grain, aircraft, machinery and parts, vehicles, fabrics, rice

      Imports - partners:

      India 74.5%, Japan 7.4%, Sweden 3.2% (2007)

      Economic aid - recipient:

      $941.2 million; note - substantial aid from India (2006)

      Debt - external:

      $713.3 million (2006)

      Market value of publicly traded shares:

      $NA

      Currency (code):

      ngultrum (BTN); Indian rupee (INR)

      Currency code:

      BTN; INR

      Exchange rates:

      ngultrum (BTN) per US dollar - 41.487 (2007), 45.279 (2006), 44.101 (2005), 45.317 (2004), 46.583 (2003) note: the ngultrum is pegged to the Indian rupee

      Communications

       Bhutan

      Telephones - main lines in use:

      29,900 (2007)

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

      149,400 (2007)

      Telephone system:

      general assessment: urban towns and district headquarters have telecommunications services domestic: very low teledensity; domestic service is very poor especially in rural areas; wireless service available since 2003 international: country code - 975; international telephone and telegraph service via landline and microwave relay through India; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (2007)

      Radio broadcast stations:

      AM 0, FM 9, shortwave 1 (2007)

      Radios:

      37,000 (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

      1 (2007)

      Televisions:

      11,000 (1997)

      Internet country code:

      .bt

      Internet hosts:

      9,046 (2008)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

      NA

      Internet users:

      40,000 (2007)

      Transportation

       Bhutan

      Airports:

      2 (2007)

      Airports - with paved runways:

      total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

      total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)

      Roadways:

      total: 8,050 km paved: 4,991 km unpaved: 3,059 km (2003)

      Military

       Bhutan

      Military branches:

      Royal Bhutan Army (includes Royal Bodyguard and Royal Bhutan Police) (2008)

      Military service age and obligation:

      18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 190,104 females age 16–49: 167,289 (2008 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 146,063 females age 16–49: 131,193 (2008 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 7,847 female: 7,530 (2008 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      1% of GDP (2005 est.)

      Transnational Issues

       Bhutan

      Disputes - international:

      Bhutan cooperates with India to expel Indian Nagaland separatists; lacking any treaty describing the boundary, Bhutan and China continue negotiations to establish a common boundary alignment to resolve territorial disputes arising from substantial cartographic discrepancies, the largest of which lie in Bhutan's northwest and along the Chumbi salient

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

      ======================================================================

      @Bolivia

      Introduction

       Bolivia

      Background:

      Bolivia, named after independence


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