The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency
Imports - partners:
Russia 17.6%, Turkey 10.9%, Germany 8.2%, Ukraine 8.2%, UK 7.2%,
Japan 5.2%, China 4.9%, US 4.7% (2007)
Economic aid - recipient:
ODA, $223.4 million (2005 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$4.273 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Debt - external:
$2.439 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$7.829 billion (2007 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$4.912 billion (2007 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$NA
Currency (code):
Azerbaijani manat (AZN)
Currency code:
AZM
Exchange rates:
Azerbaijani manats (AZN) per US dollar - 0.8581 (2007), 0.8934 (2006), 4,727.1 (2005), 4,913.48 (2004), 4,910.73 (2003) note: on 1 January 2006 Azerbaijan revalued its currency, with 5,000 old manats equal to 1 new manat
Communications
Azerbaijan
Telephones - main lines in use:
1.254 million (2007)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
4.3 million (2007)
Telephone system:
general assessment: inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 15 main lines per 100 persons is low; mobile-cellular penetration is increasing and is currently about 50 telephones per 100 persons domestic: fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2006; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan international: country code - 994; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2007)
Radio broadcast stations:
AM 10, FM 17, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios:
175,000 (1997)
Television broadcast stations:
2 (1997)
Televisions:
170,000 (1997)
Internet country code:
.az
Internet hosts:
6,995 (2008)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
2 (2000)
Internet users:
1.036 million (2007)
Transportation
Azerbaijan
Airports:
35 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 27 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 13 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 8 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 7 (2007)
Heliports:
1 (2007)
Pipelines:
gas 3,857 km; oil 2,436 km (2007)
Railways:
total: 2,122 km broad gauge: 2,122 km 1.520-m gauge (1,278 km electrified) (2006)
Roadways:
total: 59,141 km paved: 29,210 km unpaved: 29,931 km (2004)
Merchant marine:
total: 89 by type: cargo 26, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 9, petroleum tanker 46, roll on/roll off 3, specialized tanker 3 registered in other countries: 3 (Malta 2, Panama 1) (2008)
Ports and terminals:
Baku (Baki)
Military
Azerbaijan
Military branches:
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces (2008)
Military service age and obligation:
men between 18 and 35 are liable for military service; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; length of military service is 18 months and 12 months for university graduates (2006)
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16–49: 2,278,888 females age 16–49: 2,291,770 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16–49: 1,696,167 females age 16–49: 1,923,556 (2008 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 94,402 female: 89,686 (2008 est.)
Military expenditures:
2.6% of GDP (2005 est.)
Transnational Issues
Azerbaijan
Disputes - international:
Armenia supports ethnic Armenian secessionists in Nagorno-Karabakh and since the early 1990s has militarily occupied 16% of Azerbaijan; over 800,000 mostly ethnic Azerbaijanis were driven from the occupied lands and Armenia; about 230,000 ethnic Armenians were driven from their homes in Azerbaijan into Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh; Azerbaijan seeks transit route through Armenia to connect to Naxcivan exclave; Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) continues to mediate dispute; Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Russia have ratified Caspian seabed delimitation treaties based on equidistance, while Iran continues to insist on an even one-fifth allocation and challenges Azerbaijan's hydrocarbon exploration in disputed waters; bilateral talks continue with Turkmenistan on dividing the seabed and contested oilfields in the middle of the Caspian; Azerbaijan and Georgia continue to discuss the alignment of their boundary at certain crossing areas
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 2,400 (Russia) IDPs: 580,000–690,000 (conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh) (2007)
Trafficking in persons:
current situation: Azerbaijan is primarily a source and transit country for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor; women and some children from Azerbaijan are trafficked to Turkey and the UAE for the purpose of sexual exploitation; men and boys are trafficked to Russia for the purpose of forced labor; Azerbaijan serves as a transit country for victims from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Moldova trafficked to Turkey and the UAE for sexual exploitation tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Azerbaijan is on the Tier 2 Watch List for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat trafficking in persons, particularly efforts to investigate, prosecute, and punish traffickers; to address complicity among law enforcement personnel; and to adequately identify and protect victims in Azerbaijan; the government has yet to develop a much-needed mechanism to identify potential trafficking victims and refer them to safety and care; poor treatment of trafficking victims in courtrooms continues to be a problem (2008)
Illicit