The 2001 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2001 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


Скачать книгу
Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound

      Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June

      Gibraltar Communications

      Telephones - main lines in use: 19,000 (1997)

      Telephones - mobile cellular: 1,620 (1997)

      Telephone system: general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities

      domestic: automatic exchange facilities

      international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)

      Radios: 37,000 (1997)

      Television broadcast stations: 1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)

      Televisions: 10,000 (1997)

      Internet country code: .gi

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 2 (2000)

      Internet users: NA

      Gibraltar Transportation

      Railways: total: NA km; 1.000-m gauge system in dockyard area only

      Highways: total: 46.25 km

      paved: 46.25 km

      unpaved: 0 km (2001)

      Waterways: none

      Pipelines: 0 km

      Ports and harbors: Gibraltar

      Merchant marine: total: 49 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 669,056 GRT/1,003,809 DWT

      ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 15, chemical tanker 6, container 7, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 14, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)

      Airports: 1 (2000 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 1

      1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.)

      Gibraltar Military

      Military branches: British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force

      Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the UK

      Gibraltar Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: source of friction between Spain and the UK

      ======================================================================

      @Glorioso Islands

      Glorioso Islands Introduction

      Background: A French possession since 1892, the Glorioso Islands are composed of two lushly vegetated islands (Ile Glorieuse and Ile du Lys) and three rock islets. A military garrison operates a weather and radio station on Ile Glorieuse.

      Glorioso Islands Geography

      Location: Southern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Madagascar

      Geographic coordinates: 11 30 S, 47 20 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area: total: 5 sq km

      land: 5 sq km

      water: 0 sq km

      note: includes Ile Glorieuse, Ile du Lys, Verte Rocks, Wreck Rock, and South Rock

      Area - comparative: about eight times the size of The Mall in

       Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: 0 km

      Coastline: 35.2 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 NM

      territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate: tropical

      Terrain: low and flat

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m

      highest point: unnamed location 12 m

      Natural resources: guano, coconuts

      Land use: arable land: 0%

      permanent crops: 0%

      permanent pastures: 0%

      forests and woodland: 0%

      other: 100% (all lush vegetation and coconut palms)

      Irrigated land: 0 sq km (1993)

      Natural hazards: periodic cyclones

      Environment - current issues: NA

      Glorioso Islands People

      Population: no indigenous inhabitants

      note: there is a small French military garrison (July 2001 est.)

      Glorioso Islands Government

      Country name: conventional long form: none

      conventional short form: Glorioso Islands

      local long form: none

      local short form: Iles Glorieuses

      Dependency status: possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion

      Legal system: the laws of France, where applicable, apply

      Diplomatic representation in the US: none (possession of France)

      Diplomatic representation from the US: none (possession of France)

      Flag description: the flag of France is used

      Glorioso Islands Economy

      Economy - overview: no economic activity

      Glorioso Islands Communications

      Communications - note: 1 meteorological station

      Glorioso Islands Transportation

      Waterways: none

      Ports and harbors: none; offshore anchorage only

      Airports: 1 (2000 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 1

      914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.)

      Glorioso Islands Military

      Military - note: defense is the responsibility of France

      Glorioso Islands Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: claimed by Madagascar

      ======================================================================

      @Greece

      Greece Introduction

      Background: Greece achieved its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1829. During the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, it gradually added neighboring islands and territories with Greek-speaking populations. Following the defeat of communist rebels in 1949, Greece joined NATO in 1952. A military dictatorship, which in 1967 suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the country, lasted seven years. Democratic elections in 1974 and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy; Greece joined the European Community or EC in 1981 (which became the EU in 1992).

      Greece Geography

      Location: Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey

      Geographic coordinates: 39 00 N, 22 00 E

      Map references: Europe

      Area: total: 131,940 sq km

      land: 130,800 sq km

      water: 1,140 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly smaller than


Скачать книгу