Morel, L. (1998). Proposition d’une ingénierie intégrée de l’innovation vue comme un processus permanent de création de valeur. PhD thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, Nancy.
ISE
Innovation process
2000
Boly, V. (2000). Processus d’innovation : contribution à la modélisation et approches méthodologiques. HDR, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, Nancy.
ISE
Data exchange for technological innovation
2001
Richir, S., Taravel, B., Samier, H. (2001). Information networks and technological innovation for industrial products. International Journal of Technology Management, 21(3–4), 420–427.
IE
TRIZ – the theory of inventive problem solving (TIPS)
Vernadat, F. (1995). Modélisation systémique en entreprise : métamodélisation. La modélisation systémique en entreprise, Braesch, C., Haurat, A. (eds). Hermes, Stanmore.
IE
Innovation process modeling
2001
Tomala, F., Senechal, O., Tahon, C. (2001). Modèle de processus d’innovation. MOSIM01’ : actes de la troisième conférence francophone de modélisation et simulation : conception, analyse et gestion des systèmes industriels. Ghent.
Management sciences
Innovation and organization
1985
Agrell, P., Hatchuel, A., van Gigch, J.P. (1985). Innovation as Organizational Intervention. California State University Sacramento, School of Business and Public Administration, Sacramento, CA.
Innovation process
1987
Hatchuel, A., Agrell, P., van Gigch, J.P. (1987). Innovation as system intervention. Systems Research, 4(1), 5–11.
Technological system
1989
Aït-El-Hadj, S. (1989). L’entreprise face à la mutation technologique. Les Editions d’Organisation, Paris.
Management of technological resources
1993
Durand, T. (1993). The dynamics of cognitive technological maps. Implementing Strategic Processes, 165–189.
Management of technology
1998
Durand, T. (1988). Management pour la technologie : de la théorie à la pratique. Revue française de gestion, (71), 5–14.
Innovation and management of R&D
2001
Hatchuel, A., Le Masson, P., Weil, B. (2001). De la R&D à la RID : de nouveaux principes de management du processus d’innovation. Congrès francophone du management de projet, AFITEP : “Innovation, conception… et projets”, Paris.
C-K (concept-knowledge) theory
2001
Hatchuel, A. (2001). Towards design theory and expandable rationality: The unfinished program of Herbert Simon. Journal of Management and Governance, 5(3/4), 260–273.
Sociology
Technological system
2002
Aït-El-Hadj, S. (2002). Systèmes technologiques et innovation : itinéraire théorique. Editions L’Harmattan, Paris.
Innovation and stakeholders
1988
Akrich, M., Callon, M., Latour, B. (1988). A quoi tient le succès des innovations ? 1 : L’art de l’intéressement ; 2 : Le choix des porte-parole. Gérer et comprendre. Annales des Mines, 4–17 and 14–29.
Technological innovation
1987
Akrich, M. (1987). Comment les innovations réussissent ? Recherche et technologie, 26–34.
Technological innovation
1994
Callon, M. (1994). L’innovation technologique et ses mythes. Gérer et comprendre, 34, 5–17.
In France, in particular, Table 2.3 shows that the engineering community interested in innovation has drawn on various disciplines, such as mechanical engineering, production engineering, process engineering, management sciences and sociology.
In any case, the work clearly shows that it was product design that originally concentrated research efforts in the mechanical engineering community under the impetus of Gousty and Kieffer (1988), gradually associating with it the notion of innovation under the “design of new products” (Duchamp 1988).
Conversely, at the same time, the industrial systems engineering community from process engineering advocated a “systems” vision (Castagne 1987). The notion of technological innovation engineering (Castagne et al. 1983; Guidat 1984) and foresight to generate innovation scenarios (Boly 1987) even explicitly appeared (Castagne et al. 1983; Guidat 1984).
This raises the differences in the way of conceiving what prefigures a field of research in innovation: for the former, design is associated with the creation of a product, whereas for the latter, it is a question of designing the processes/processes (the set of unit operations and the process leading to them) to manufacture this product. “It is obvious that it is necessary to abandon, for example, the belief in ‘harvesting’ technological innovation to move on to the concept of ‘cultivated’ innovation” (Castagne 1987). We believe that the precursory genius of Pierre Le Goff, Professor of Process Engineering in Nancy, in the holistic understanding of the world, is not insignificant. Indeed, as early as 1979, he published an article that was a forerunner of what has become a systemic vision of energy recommending the association of ecological, economic and technical points of view (Le Goff 1979).
In any case, research conducted on innovation is eminently confronted with what (Lemoigne 1984) qualifies as “the paradoxes of the engineer”3: the difficulty of conceiving a complexity arising from realities held to be inconceivable by our reason (paradox of conceiving complexity and complexity of design (action of designing and its result)).
It is also important to underline the publishing activity of colleagues, engineers by training, who have acquired a double competence through a doctorate in management sciences and sociology and whose contribution to the development of industrial systems engineering and innovation is undeniable. This is a question of citing the work carried out by A. Hatchuel (Agrell et al. 1985; Hatchuel
