A Companion to the Global Renaissance. Группа авторов
Daniel, Ed. Materiality. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005.
53 Miller, J. Hillis. “Literary Study among the Ruins,” Diacritics 31/3 (autumn 2001): 57–66.
54 Miller, Shannon. Invested with Meaning: The Raleigh Circle in the New World. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998.
55 Moore, Jason W. Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital. New York: Verso, 2015.
56 Moore, Jason W., Ed. Anthropocene or Capitalocene? Nature, History, and the Crisis of Capitalism. Oakland, CA: PM Press/Kairos, 2016.
57 Moore, Jason W., Ed. Anthropocene or Capitalocene? Nature, History, and the Crisis of Capitalism. Oakland, CA: PM Press/Kairos, 2016.
58 Netzloff, Mark. Internal Empires: Class, Capital, and the Literature of Early Modern English Colonialism. New York: Palgrave, 2003.
59 Ng, Su Fang. Alexander the Great from Britain to Southeast Asia: Peripheral Empires in the Global Renaissance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
60 Ogborn, Miles. Indian Ink: Script and Print in the Making of the English East India Company. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2007.
61 Oram, William A. “Spenser’s Raleghs,” Studies in Philology 87/3 (summer 1990): 341–362.
62 Oram, William A. “What Did Spenser Really Think of Sir Walter Ralegh When He Published the First Installment of The Faerie Queene?” Spenser Studies: A Renaissance Poetry Annual 15 (2001): 165–174.
63 Orlin, Lena Cowen. Locating Privacy in Tudor London. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
64 Parker, Charles H. and Jerry H. Bentley, Eds. Between the Middle Ages and Modernity: Individual and Community in the Early Modern World. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007.
65 Polanyi, Karl. The Great Transformation. Boston: Beacon, 1957.
66 Pomeranz, Kenneth. The Great Divergence: Europe, China, and the Making of the Modern World Economy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.
67 Porter, David, Ed. Comparative Early Modernities, 1100–1800. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
68 Quilligan, Maureen. Milton’s Spenser: The Politics of Reading. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1983.
69 Quilligan, Maureen. “On the Renaissance Epic: Spenser and Slavery,” South Atlantic Quarterly 100/1 (winter 2001): 15–39.
70 Ralegh, Sir Walter. The Discoverie of the Large, Rich and Bewtiful Empyre of Guiana. Ed. Neil L. Whitehead. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997.
71 Ramachandran, Ayesha. The Worldmakers: Global Imagining in Early Modern Europe. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015.
72 Read, David. “Guyon, Mammon’s Cave, and the New World Treasure,” English Literary Renaissance 20/2 (spring 1990): 209–232.
73 Read, David. Temperate Conquests: Spenser and the Spanish New World. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2000.
74 Rekret, Paul. “A Critique of New Materialism: Ethics and Ontology,” Subjectivity 9/3 (September 2016): 225–245.
75 Retort. Afflicted Powers: Capital and Spectacle in a New Age of War. New York: Verso, 2005.
76 Rudick, Michael. “Three Views on Ralegh and Spenser: A Comment,” Spenser Studies: A Renaissance Poetry Annual 15 (2001): 197–203.
77 Sebek, Barbara and Stephen Deng, Eds. Global Traffic: Discourses and Practices of Trade in English Literature and Culture from 1550 to 1700. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
78 Shepherd, Simon. Spenser: Harvester New Readings. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press International, 1989.
79 Sherman, William. “Gold Is Strength, the Sinnewes of the World’: Thomas Dekker’s Old Fortunatus and England’s Golden Age,” Medieval & Renaissance Drama in England 6 (1993): 85–102.
80 Spenser, Edmund. The Faerie Queene. London: William Ponsonby, 1596.
81 Stallybrass, Peter, Roger Chartier, J. Franklin Mowery, and Heather Wolfe. “Hamlet’s Tables and the Technologies of Writing in Renaissance England,” Shakespeare Quarterly 55/4 (2004): 379–419.
82 Swearingen, Roger G. “Guyon’s Faint,” Studies in Philology 74 (1977): 165–185.
83 Thrush, Coll. Indigenous London: Native Travelers at the Heart of Empire. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2016 .
84 Tompkins, Kyla Wazana. “On the Limits and Promise of New Materialist Philosophy,” Lateral 5/1 (spring 2016).
85 Vitkus, Daniel. “Introduction: Toward a New Globalism in Early Modern Studies,” Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies 2/1 (2002): v–viii.
86 Vitkus, Daniel. “‘The Common Market of All the World’: English Theater, the Global System, and the Ottoman Empire in the Early Modern Period,” in Global Traffic: Discourses and Practices of Trade in English Literature and Culture from 1550–1700. Eds. Stephen Deng and Barbara Sebek. New York: Palgrave/Macmillan, 2008, 22–37.
87 Vitkus, Daniel. “How the 1% Came to Rule the World: Shakespeare, Long-Term Historical Narrative, and the Origins of Capitalism,” in Shakespeare and the 99%: Literary Studies, the Profession, and the Production of Inequity. Eds. Sharon O’Dair and Timothy Francisco. New York: Palgrave/Macmillan, 2019, 161–181.
88 Wallerstein, Immanuel. The Modern World-System. New York: Academic Press, 1974.
89 Wallerstein, Immanuel. “Frank Proves the European Miracle,” Review: Fernand Braudel Center for the Study of Economies, Historical Systems, and Civilizations 22/3 (1999): 355–371.
90 West, William N. “Gold on Credit: Martin Frobisher’s and Walter Raleigh’s Economies of Evidence,” Criticism 39/3 (1997): 315–336.
91 Žižek, Slavoj. “Marx Reads Object-Oriented Ontology,” Chapter 1 in Slavoj Žižek, Frank Ruda, and Agon Hamza. Reading Marx. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2018.
2 “Travailing” Theory: Global Flows of Labor and the Enclosure of the Subject
Crystal Bartolovich
Preface 2021: A lot can change in a decade. If I wrote this essay today, I would still maintain that “the ‘common’ had to be suppressed on a worldwide scale for capitalism to emerge” as I argue here; in that respect, I think the essay holds up well. But returning to it now, I would put far more emphasis on the ecological aspects of this suppression of the common and address the ecocritical turn in early modern studies (for a helpful overview, see Hiltner) as well as the inflection of theories of primitive accumulation with the ecological in the work of Jason Moore. In this way, I would all the more strongly argue for the superiority of a Marxist perspective over the so-called new materialism that characterizes most strains of premodern ecocriticism. As even some geologists recognize, the colonization of the Americas was an ecodisaster of massive consequence (e.g., Lewis and Maslin). Moore’s view of the history of capitalism as an ecological as well as social catastrophe from the late fifteenth century onward must be underscored. By denying totality – and therefore this history – I would suggest that the new materialism renders impossible confronting the fundamental changes in property relations on a global scale that would need to occur to produce a healthy planet for humans and nonhumans alike, as I have argued in more recent work, such as “Learning from Crab” (2020).
Although the “England first” position continues to have considerable purchase in debates about the emergence of capitalism, problems remain when we attempt to determine an absolute distinction (much less priority) of “domestic” over what we might call the “oceanic” – or global – aspects of this process.1 Certainly “internal” and “external” forces were already imagined in the period as fluid and interconnected. Take, for