Библия Времени. Найди свое. Лим Ворд
to go underwater on one battery is two days (the usual submarine of that time is 6 hours). The maximum immersion depth is 220 meters, the working depth is 130 meters. The crew is 58 people (unusually comfortable conditions, shower refrigerators, separate cabins, air conditioning, etc.).
Among the biggest catastrophes caused by hostilities, in addition to the following sinking of the liner «Wilhelm Gustloff» also:
March 18, 1944 – «Junje-Maru», a Japanese vessel. It is submerged by the British submarine Tradewind. 1400 English, Dutch, American prisoners of war, and 4,220 Javanese workers are killed. People are transported to the construction of the Thai-Burmese Iron «Road of Death», where, in the hilly jungle, with high probability, death awaits them too.
June 29, 1944 – Toyama-Maru, sunk by the American submarine Sturgeon, 5,600 dead.
April 16 – the sinking of the German transport «Goya» by the L-3 «Frunzevets» boat, 4,000—7,000 people, 157 people are being saved. Breaks in half after hitting two torpedoes, goes to the bottom within 20 minutes. The current number of victims may be more, and then in the world list of major sea accidents, «Goya» takes first place (then Wilhelm Gustloff).
May 2, 1945 – Re-equipped cruise diner «Cap Arcona». According to the order to «destroy all concentrated enemy vessels in the harbor of Lübeck,» English aircraft bombard ships, including with raised white flags, despite the clearly discernible striped robes of transported prisoners of concentration camps. The liner «Cap Arcona», the cargo ship «Thielbek», the ships «Athen» and «Deutschland» go to the bottom. People who are rescuing people are shot at the same time by SS security guards and British air forces. On the Cap Arkona alone, about 5600 people are killed, 300 are being saved. The next day the Germans surrender to the Montgomery troops.
The liberation of Norway by Soviet troops begins October 7, 1944 (after Finland leaves the war). The good organization of the landing parties and the active assistance of the local population made it possible to achieve a positive result with a relatively small superiority over the enemy in manpower – 1, 8: 1. The northern country is cleared of the 20th Mountain Army of Germans (56,000 men) by November 1. At the same time, the irrevocable losses of the Soviet Army amount to 6,000 fighters (according to other sources 11,000), German – 30,000.
In September 1945, according to the Yalta agreement, the Soviet troops leave the territory of Norway.
Vistula-Oder operation. The most successful series of actions of the Soviet Army. Wehrmacht is forced to transfer troops to the Ardennes and East Prussia, to the defense of Koenigsberg; the front on the Vistula, stabilized from the end of Operation Bagration, from the German side is weakened. However, there are seven defense lines on this section, separated by 300—500 kilometers; anti-tank ditches, barbed wire, solid minefields and trenches of the full profile. The forces of the parties: Poland – the 1st Army of the Polish Army – 52 000 people, the Army Craiova (preserves independence from the Soviet Army and saves forces for the subsequent confrontation of the USSR) 40—50 000. The Soviet Army – 2 million people, 7000 tanks, 5000 aircraft.
January 12 begins the artillery preparation, 300 barrels per kilometer; the blow is successful, since German artillery reserves put forward to the front line are in the artillery zone.
On January 17, German garrisons leave Warsaw, already almost surrounded by Soviet troops. On February 3, having overcome 500 kilometers in 23 days, Soviet troops leave for the Oder, on the territory of Germany; before them, throwing their wounded from trucks, on the corpses of the «genossa», the soldiers of the Wehrmacht retreat. Losses of the parties: the USSR – 43,000 people, SCPO (Polish Committee of National Liberation, uniting Polish military formations loyal to the Soviet Union) – 225 killed. Germany – 480,000 irretrievable losses, 150,000 people were taken prisoner.
On January 19, the troops were acquainted with the order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief to prevent rude treatment of the local population. Completely prevent violence is not possible, but it is still restrained, but over time and reduced to a minimum. Same movie on the topic – «Nameless – one woman in Berlin» (2008). Also interesting is the film «Our Fathers, Our Mothers,» (Unsere Mütter, unsere Väter) produced by Germany. Unfortunately, it is necessary to illustrate the text with pictures of foreign production; domestic «masterpieces» – it’s just some kind of children’s, wooden hand-made articles.
On January 26, during the East-Prussian operation that began on January 19, Soviet troops leave for the Baltic Sea in the vicinity of Elbing and cut off the East Prussian group of Germans from the rest of Germany. There is an extrusion of the Wehrmacht troops, as well as those who deliberately spread rumors about the atrocities of the Soviet troops, refugees to the sea. The remaining are declared traitors, and often shoot their own. So the German troops do, to some extent, replenish the ranks of the Volkssturm (the «people’s militia»), but, at the same time, practically lose the opportunity to move around the crowded thousands of people, carts and horses to roads. Soviet tanks, if there is a need to immediately preempt the deployment of enemy forces, use the highway, despite the presence of any foreign vehicles on them. The struggle is complicated by the presence of many, even from the time of the founding of the Teutonic Order – fortifications, also lakes, pre-targeted roads, equipped enemy airfields. The forces of the parties: the USSR – 1.7 million people, 3,800 tanks, 3,100 aircraft. Wehrmacht: 580,000 sodat and officers, as well as 200,000 people. Volkssturm, 1000 tanks and automatic control systems, 550 aircraft. Losses: the Soviet Union – 126,000 people, 3,000 tanks (including recharges), 1,400 aircraft, German aircraft – 106,000 killed, 220 thousand prisoners, virtually all tanks, 360 aircraft.
The German fleet organizes the largest operation in the history of evacuation of the civilian population (and not involved in the battles of the military) Hannibal. About 1.6 million people move to central Germany or neutral Sweden. At the same time, about 25,000 people die during the evacuation.
On January 30, at 21.04, the submarine S-13, under the control of A. Marinescu, in the above-water position, from the shore, and from a distance of less than a kilometer, launches the first torpedo in German transport Wilhelm Gustloff. The captain of the liner says «Das war’s», which means «That’s all». The vessel is repainted in gray camouflage color and, above all, therefore, has no protection of the Hague Convention. The fourth cocked torpedo «For Stalin» is stuck in the torpedo tube, it is difficult to disarm and dive. An hour later the transport goes to the bottom, somewhere near the submarine lying on the ground (at a depth of 45 m). 10,000 people die. Saving succeeds about 600.
Among the passengers there are 918 cadets of the submarine training division, the rest are refugees, members of the families of high-ranking officials of the SD and SS.
On February 10, the same C-13 fires two torpedoes, the liner «General Steuben» bound for Kiel. At this moment, the captain believes that in front of him – a light German cruiser «Emden». Killed about 3,600 people – mostly wounded soldiers and officers of the Wehrmacht, are rescued 650.
A. Marinesco is the son of a Romanian sailor and a Ukrainian peasant woman. Dreams of the merchant fleet, but in the end, on the Komsomol voucher is sent to the courses of the commander of the Workers «and Peasants’ Red Navy, receives an officer’s rank. Before the march for two days leaves the submarine without proper supervision, in order to avoid the tribunal, during the «redemptive» raid it goes for everything for the sake of a high result. After the «attack of the century», the awarding of the Order of the Red Banner, respectively, getting rid of the threat of trial, the combat activity sharply loses, falls in rank, is appointed commander of a minesweeper, and in 1945 is dismissed into the reserve. 1949 – A. Marinesko, deputy director at a civilian institution, was sentenced to three years on charges of squandering socialist property. Dies in 1963. 1990 – after the resonant publication in the newspaper Izvestia, by the decree of M. Gorbachev, the ex-captain of the third rank receives the title of Hero of the