Библия Времени. Найди свое. Лим Ворд
5,300 aircraft. Wehrmacht: 1.2 million people, 900 tanks, 1,200 aircraft.
The troops create the appearance of a transition to a deep defense. Subdivisions are assigned to the rear in turn to train tactical receptions in conditions that are as close to combat as possible.
…The retreat of German units loses organization, they are often mixed, communication is interrupted, and one boiler replaces another. Soviet troops deliberately leave a small area for retreat so as not to storm the fortified area into the forehead, then the columns of the retreating are destroyed by aviation or tank units. 100-thousand grouping is locked in almost completely destroyed since 1941 in Minsk. The command of the army flies to the west, the commander of the corps exercises control, which in vain calls on the radio to at least drop maps of the terrain. On July 8—9, resistance is broken, 35,000 survivors are being taken prisoner.
Rolling across the Baltic countries, the offensive continues in Poland and stops at the Vistula, short of Warsaw, around which five fresh German tank divisions have already concentrated: the resources of the engines are exhausted, the communications of the troops are extremely stretched. The battle of Radzymin, in which the advanced units of the Soviet Army are battered, is a bell that the point of fortune is passed. At the same time, on August 1, with the news that the Germans are going to deport all Poles from the city, the Warsaw Uprising begins. The rebels are helped both by the United Kingdom and the USSR – air gunners, weapons and ammunition are dropped on parachutes. The Polish government in London, through the British Embassy sends the dispatches of the Soviet Army, what it should do without presenting any obligations. At some point, contrary to the arrangements, the Polish underground workers leave a springboard on the western bank of the Vistula; it is immediately occupied by German troops and opens fire on the Soviet landing. More attempts are not made to help the rebels. Losses of the parties – the Resistance movement – 18,000 irretrievably, as well as about 150,000 civilians during the punitive campaign. Wehrmacht – according to the estimates of the Germans 3000 dead, 2 SAU and 1 tank, the information of the Polish insurgents – 17 000 people, 290 tanks, ACS and armored cars.
Losses of the parties in Operation Bagration, before the end of August: the USSR – 179,000 people, 3,000 tanks, 830 aircraft, the Wehrmacht – 340,000 people irretrievably, 150,000 prisoners, the combat equipment that was available for the beginning of the operation, almost all was lost.
…In order to whip up the hunting instinct in July 1942, the Supreme Command has been assigned payments: a shot down plane – 1000 rubles, a damaged tank – 500 rubles for the gun commander and gunner, the rest for 200 rubles. If the tank is destroyed by an infantryman, he is paid 1000 rubles, or 1500 equal shares to everyone who took part in it. The biggest prize is waiting for someone who managed to sink an enemy warship – 10,000 rubles. Salary to the military: ordinary 10 rubles, sergeant 100, lieutenant 625, regiment commander 1200, corps 2000. For comparison: the average salary in the industry is 573 rubles, the engineer 1200, the collective farm worker 150. Sometimes money is given up, often transferred to a «state ticket». Usually, the salary of an officer is received by his family, in the military registration and enlistment office, according to the so-called. financial certificates. The money is paid, 600 rubles and commanders of partisan detachments, rather, as an official recognition. A one-time benefit to the families of the dead lieutenant-colonels and majors – 10—20 000 rubles, generals – 50—100 000 rubles. The family of the dead infantryman of four people pays a pension of 200 rubles, two people – 100 rubles. Cost of goods on the market: a bottle of vodka 400—800 rubles, a loaf of bread – 200—500, potatoes 90 per kilo, fat 1500 per kg. But, of course, the basis of food in the rear and the army – issued rations and ration cards.
Historically in Russia, among the people it is accepted that the war is a dark, undesirable, organized by the state in its incomprehensible purposes, the case. If the tsar, wishing to raise his international authority, annexed certain territories, this meant that the central regions of the country would have to feed and cherish them. Defeated enemies should be cuddled, and sometimes from their midst the Emperor recruited himself a personal guard. This template is saved. The European way of thinking, since the times of Ancient Rome – military action is an interesting, although risky occupation; in case of victories soldiers are guaranteed prizes, and certainly they will not feed the vanquished. The metropolitan will ensure that the regions included in its structure are reorganized according to the established pattern, increased the efficiency of the economy and, thus, had the opportunity to pay taxes to the general treasury. Well, yes, it certainly will create a commission for the fair distribution of the seized good between all servicemen.
By 1944, the consciousness of Soviet soldiers had changed, and the excitement of a legionary was awakened in them. At the beginning of the war, here, you have a tank full of shells, and there – a German train under unloading. Your actions? Trying to contact the headquarters to get the order! The officer on duty went off somewhere, the train also diverted the couple and drove off. Wrong answer!
So, basically, the management system in Russia has been arranged – since the times of Vladimir, Ivan the Terrible, Nikolay the First and the Second, Stalin, Khrushchev… perhaps even to the present day. Most deify (at least at the beginning of the reign, his sovereign) and do not tend, usually, to think, dare and act independently. The commanders answer before the higher authorities – but not before the people entrusted to them. Iosif Vissarionovich, with the closest comrades – Mehlis, Zhdanov, Kaganovich, Molotov, Voroshilov, Ulrich, (chairman of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court), etc., the Great War manages to get rid of the enterprising military. Therefore, Comrade. Stalin has to explain to the soldiers and officers for a very long time that the fighters must get involved in air battles, the tanks must shoot at enemy cannons or, at least in the direction of the enemy, on the move, the units must help each other without dividing the front into» your «and» our». «Supreme» is part of the System, but it is on its top, and therefore, of course, in the answer for what is happening.
…The degradation of the Russian officer corps begins, or is aggravated, according to the author, since the beginning of the reign of Emperor Nicholas I. Before that, the Russian army successfully fought against the Germans, the French, etc., in Europe, with an average loss ratio of 1: 1. The Napoleonic coalition army loses with the score (although this term is unlikely to be appropriate), 1: 4 in the benefit of Russia, whatever someone would say about «General Frost». However, under Nikolay the First, frightened by the failed palace coup, the system «The officer reports only to a higher authority, and the opinions of subordinates do not mean anything» is brought to the absolute. The concept of trusting communication between commanders and soldiers disappears in principle, it is replaced by an external gloss and daily exercises on drill walking. As a result, the Russian Army lost the Crimean War of 1853, with great difficulty defeated a dilapidated Turkey in 1878, suffered defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1905, gave away a fifth of its territories fighting on two fronts, the German Coalition in 1918. Some success accompanies Russia in the conquest of Asia, the Caucasus, and the suppression of uprisings in Poland. However, all these, sorry, transient victories are achieved in the main, by irregular Cossack units. Team spirit, trust communication between commanders and subordinates, military brotherhood in them, definitely, is. However, the bearers of some positive state system, suitable for establishing in new areas of the Empire, for centuries, the formation of the Cossacks are definitely not. If we continue our memories of the greatest Empire of Antiquity, a Roman officer, starting with the centurion (lieutenant, senior lieutenant), is also an engineer, statesman, and even a businessman. He is quite capable, with all knowledge of the matter, to lead the erection of Roman-style buildings, bridges, almost eternal roads, to organize elective local self-government in the Roman model, and also – to create primary, industrial and commercial enterprises. Such is the progressive ancient Roman command system. In addition, the Army and civil society are organized in Rome in such a way that, for example, the mayor (praetor) or some other «civilian» official can easily become an officer of the