Russian-Danish Students Conference in Copenhagen. November – December 2018. Bjørnø Irina
Treaty of Lisbon, Denmark managed to join the work of Europol, Eurojust and the European arrest warrant. However, now, in the event of updating or reformatting these projects, Denmark will not be able to automatically continue its participation in them.
The decision to hold a referendum was made by the government of Helle Thorning-Schmidt after the terrorist attacks in Copenhagen in February 2015 in order to secure the participation of Denmark in EU police cooperation projects in the framework of the reformed Europol. The terms of the referendum were designated until April 2016.
However, the new center-right government headed by Lars Löcke Rasmussen, which came to power in June 2015, shifted the referendum to December 3, 2015 to avoid the influence of the discussion of British issues and a referendum in the United Kingdom. The Danish government and the elite, in general, believed that against the backdrop of increasing terrorist threat, including in Denmark, the objective need to intensify cross-border police cooperation would be a powerful argument in favor of changing the status of a country within the framework of the YUVD. At the referendum, the Danes were asked to change the format of interaction with the EU in the field of justice and internal affairs and switch to a model similar to the British and Irish, i.e. replace complete non-participation in cooperation with selective participation in it. The results of the referendum were negative. 53.1% of the population opposed the possibility of participating in projects of the EU freedom, security and justice space. The reasons for the failure of the campaign “for” are fairly obvious. The time of the referendum was chosen very unfortunate. Throughout 2015, a migration crisis was raging in Europe. Denmark, which pursues an independent immigration policy, turned out to be a transit country on the path of asylum seekers between Germany and Sweden. As a result of the unprecedented influx of migrants from the countries of the Middle East and Africa, Sweden closed the border with Denmark and introduced passport control. In response, Denmark closed the border with Germany. And in November 2015 there were terrible terrorist attacks in Paris. These events, combined with calls not to give Brussels more national sovereignty, had a strong influence on the outcome of the referendum.
For the largest parties in Denmark, social democratic and liberal Venstre, this result meant a major defeat, as they actively called on the population to support the proposed changes. At the same time, this was another success of the far-right Danish People’s Party (DNP), which has already achieved an unprecedented result, receiving second place in the Folketing elections in June 2015. The NPD stands for a strict restriction of immigration to Denmark and against deeper integration within the EU. Currently, its slogans have been claimed by the electorate. Danish Prime Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen expressed the opinion that the results of the referendum were a reflection of the European skepticism of a significant part of Danish society, and not a rejection of police cooperation within the EU.
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