The Orthodontic Mini-implant Clinical Handbook. Richard Cousley
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22 22 Cha, J., Yoon, T., and Hwang, C. (2008). Insertion and removal torques according to orthodontic mini‐screw design. Korean J. Orthod. 38: 5–12.
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24 24 Kim, J., Ahn, S., and Chang, Y. (2005). Histomorphometric and mechanical analyses of the drill‐free screw as orthodontic anchorage. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 128: 190–194.
25 25 Shank, S.B., Beck, F.B., d'Atri, A.M., and Huja, S.S. (2012). Bone damage associated with orthodontic placement of miniscrew implants in an animal model. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 141: 412–418.
26 26 Su, Y.Y., Wilmes, B., Honscheid, R., and Drescher, D. (2009). Comparison of self‐tapping and self‐drilling orthodontic mini‐implants: an animal study of insertion torque and displacement under lateral loading. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants 24: 404–411.
27 27 Buchter, A., Wiechmann, D., Koerdt, S. et al. (2005). Load‐related implant reaction of mini‐implants used for orthodontic anchorage. Clin. Oral Implants Res. 16: 473–479.
28 28 Berens, A., Wiechmann, D., and Dempf, R. (2006). Mini‐ and microscrews for temporary skeletal anchorage in orthodontic therapy. J. Orofac. Orthop. 67: 450–458.
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30 30 Kuroda, S., Nishii, Y., Okano, S., and Sueishi, K. (2014). Stress distribution in the mini‐screw and alveolar bone during orthodontic treatment: a finite element study analysis. J. Orthod. 41: 275–284.
31 31 Lin, T., Tsai, F., Chen, C., and Lin, D. (2013). Factorial analysis of variables affecting bone stress adjacent to the orthodontic anchorage mini‐implant with finite element analysis. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 143: 182–189.
32 32 Shantavasinkul, P., Akkus, O., Palomo, J.M., and Baumgaertel, S. (2016). Surface strain distribution of orthodontic miniscrews under load. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 150: 444–450.
33 33 Cousley, R.R.J. (2009). A stent‐guided mini‐implant system. J. Clin. Orthod. 43: 403–407.
34 34 Buchter, A., Wiechmann, D., Koerdt, S. et al. (2005). Load‐related implant reaction of mini‐implants used for orthodontic anchorage. Clin. Oral Implants Res. 16: 473–479.
35 35 Cha, B., Lee, Y., Lee, N. et al. (2008). Soft tissue thickness for placement of an orthodontic miniscrew using an ultrasonic device. Angle Orthod. 78: 403–408.
36 36 Cha, J., Yoon, T., and Hwang, C. (2008). Insertion and removal torques according to orthodontic mini‐screw design. Korean J. Orthod. 38: 5–12.
37 37 Chang, J.Z., Chen, Y., and Tung, Y. (2012). Effects of thread depth, taper shape, and taper length on the mechanical properties of mini‐implants. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 141: 279–288.
38 38 Carano, A., Lonardo, P., Velo, S., and Incorvati, C. (2005). Mechanical properties of three different commercially available miniscrews for skeletal anchorage. Prog. Orthod. 6: 82–97.
39 39 Barros, S.E., Janson, G., Chiqueto, K. et al. (2011). Effect of mini‐implant diameter on fracture risk and self‐drilling efficacy. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 140: e181–e192.
40 40 Wilmes, B., Panayotidis, A., and Drescher, D. (2011). Fracture resistance of orthodontic mini‐implants: a biomechanical in vitro study. Eur. J. Orthod. 33: 396–401.
41 41 Deguchi, T., Nasu, M., Murakami, K. et al. (2006). Quantitative evaluation of cortical bone thickness with computed tomographic scanning for orthodontic implants. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 129: 721.e–e12.
42 42 Motoyoshi, M., Hirabayashi, M., Uemura, M., and Shimizu, N. (2006). Recommended placement torque when tightening an orthodontic mini‐implant. Clin. Oral Implants Res. 17: 109–114.
43 43 Wilmes, B., Rademacher, C., Olthoff, G., and Drescher, D. (2006). Parameters affecting primary stability of orthodontic mini‐implants. J. Orofac. Orthop. 67: 162–174.
44 44 Wilmes, B., Ottenstreuer, S., Su, Y., and Drescher, D. (2008). Impact of implant design on primary stability of orthodontic mini‐implants. J. Orofac. Orthop. 69: 42–50.
45 45 Lim, S., Cha, J., and Hwang, C. (2008). Insertion torque of orthodontic miniscrews according to changes in shape, diameter and length. Angle Orthod. 78: 234–240.
46 46 Cho, K. and Baek, S. (2012). Effects of predrilling depth and implant shape on the mechanical properties of orthodontic mini‐implants during the insertion procedure. Angle Orthod. 82: 618–624.
47 47 An, J.H., Kim, Y.I., Kim, S.S. et al. (2019). Root proximity of miniscrews at a variety of maxillary and mandibular buccal sites: reliability of panoramic radiography. Angle Orthod. 89: 611–616.
48 48 Garfinkle, J.S., Cunningham, L.L., Beeman, C.S. et al. (2008). Evaluation of orthodontic mini‐implant anchorage in premolar extraction therapy in adolescents. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 133: 642–653.
49 49 Cho, U., Yu, W., and Kyung, H. (2010). Root contact during drilling for microimplant placement. Angle