The fourth industrial revolution glossarium: over 1500 of the hottest terms you will use to create the future. Alexander Chesalov
Much of this happens during the development phase, but it includes tools and methods to protect apps once they are deployed. This is becoming more important as hackers increasingly target applications with their attacks57.
Apprenticeships – the learning model of «master and apprentice» is centuries old. Today, it is an increasingly common skills development policy employed by governments around the world. Apprenticeships involve a mixture of paid employment alongside job-specific training. Historically, apprenticeships have been concentrated in blue collar jobs, such as manufacturing. However, there are growing opportunities in professional services – such as banking, accounting, and consulting58.
Architectural description group (Architectural view) is a representation of the system as a whole in terms of a related set of interests.
Architectural frameworks are high-level descriptions of an organization as a system; they capture the structure of its main components at varied levels, the interrelationships among these components, and the principles that guide their evolution59.
Architecture of a computer is a conceptual structure of a computer that determines the processing of information and includes methods for converting information into data and the principles of interaction between hardware and software.
Architecture of a computing system is the configuration, composition and principles of interaction (including data exchange) of the elements of a computing system.
Architecture of a system is the fundamental organization of a system, embodied in its elements, their relationships with each other and with the environment, as well as the principles that guide its design and evolution.
Archival Information Collection (AIC) is information, the content of which is an aggregation of other packages of archival information. The digital preservation function preserves the capability to regenerate the DIPs (Dissemination Information Packages) as needed over time60.
Archival Storage is a source for data that is not needed for an organization’s everyday operations, but may have to be accessed occasionally. By utilizing an archival storage, organizations can leverage to secondary sources, while still maintaining the protection of the data. Utilizing archival storage sources reduces primary storage costs required and allows an organization to maintain data that may be required for regulatory or other requirements61.
Archive is a site where machine-readable materials are stored, preserved, and possibly redistributed to individuals interested in using the materials. To place or store in an archive62.
Artifact is one of many kinds of tangible by-products produced during the development of software. Some artifacts (e.g., use cases, class diagrams, and other Unified Modeling Language (UML) models, requirements and design documents) help describe the function, architecture, and design of software. Other artifacts are concerned with the process of development itself – such as project plans, business cases, and risk assessments63.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a computer program that is able to perform intelligent operations independently. Artificial intelligence is difficult to define, since giving an exhaustive definition of intelligence is already challenging. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind such as learning and problem-solving64,65.
Artificial intelligence (Artificial intelligence, Machine intelligence, AI) is the ability of a machine to make decisions and perform tasks that mimic human intelligence and behavior. Artificial intelligence is also called a complex of technological solutions that allows simulating human cognitive functions (including self-learning and searching for solutions without a predetermined algorithm) and obtaining results when performing specific tasks that are at least comparable to the results of human intellectual activity. The complex of technological solutions includes information and communication infrastructure, software (including those that use machine learning methods), processes and services for data processing and finding solutions.» Artificial intelligence is also given the following definition: AI is a computer system based on a set of scientific and engineering knowledge, as well as technologies for creating intelligent machines, programs, services and applications (for example, machine learning and deep learning), imitating the thought processes of a person or living beings, capable of perceiving information with a certain degree of autonomy, learning and making decisions based on the analysis of large amounts of data, the purpose of which is to help people solve their daily routine tasks. The term AI was first coined by John McCarthy in 195666,67.
Artificial Intelligence Automation Platforms is platforms that enable the automation and scaling of production-ready AI. Artificial Intelligence Platforms involves the use of machines to perform the tasks that are performed by human beings. The platforms simulate the cognitive function that human minds perform such as problem-solving, learning, reasoning, social intelligence as well as general intelligence. Top Artificial Intelligence Platforms: Google AI Platform, TensorFlow, Microsoft Azure, Rainbird, Infosys Nia, Wipro HOLMES, Dialogflow, Premonition, Ayasdi, MindMeld, Meya, KAI, Vital A.I, Wit, Receptiviti, Watson Studio, Lumiata, Infrrd68.
Artificial intelligence engine (also AI engine, AIE) is an artificial intelligence engine, a hardware and software solution for increasing the speed and efficiency of artificial intelligence system tools.
Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations (AIOps) is an emerging IT practice that applies artificial intelligence to IT operations to help organizations intelligently manage infrastructure, networks, and applications for performance, resilience, capacity, uptime, and, in some cases, security. By shifting traditional, threshold-based alerts and manual processes to systems that take advantage of AI and machine learning, AIOps enables organizations to better monitor IT assets and anticipate negative incidents and impacts before they take hold. AIOps is a term coined by Gartner in 2016 as an industry category for machine learning analytics technology that enhances IT operations analytics covering operational tasks include automation, performance monitoring and event correlations, among others. Gartner define an AIOps Platform thus: «An AIOps platform combines big data and machine learning functionality to support all primary IT operations functions through the scalable ingestion and analysis of the ever-increasing volume, variety and velocity of data generated by IT. The platform enables the concurrent use of multiple data sources, data collection methods, and analytical and presentation technologies»69,70,71.
Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML) is an XML dialect for creating natural language software agents72.
Artificial Intelligence Open Library is a set of algorithms designed to develop technological solutions based on artificial intelligence, described using programming languages and posted on the Internet.
Artificial
Application security – Text: electronic. – www.csoonline.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.csoonline.com/article/3315700/what-is-application-security-a-process-and-tools-for-securing-software.html
Apprenticeships – Text: electronic. – https://www.kuka.com URL: https://assets.ctfassets.net/txbhe1wabmyx/7pA4Tqgg77U2EspQfv5rdn/6130cbc6022e918a94e99a042caff63d/3-future-of-work-glossary-compressed-compressed.pdf (date of request: 25.02.2023)
Architectural frameworks – Text: electronic. – https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com URL: https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13012-017-0607-7#:~:text=Architectural%20frameworks%20are%20high%2Dlevel,principles%20that%20guide%20their%20evolution. (date of request: 07.07.2022)
Archival Information Collection (AIC) – Text: electronic. – www.umich.edu (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#A
Archival Storage – Text: electronic. – www.komprise.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.komprise.com/glossary_terms/archival-storage/
Archive – Text: electronic. – www.umich.edu (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#A
Artifact – Text: electronic. – https://en.wikipedia.org (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artifact_(software_development)
Artificial intelligence (AI) – Text: electronic. – www.sofokus.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.sofokus.com/glossary-of-digital-business/#ABCD
Artificial intelligence (AI) – Text: electronic. – www.investopedia.com (date of request: 07.07.2022) URL: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/artificial-intelligence-ai.asp
Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 10.10.2019 г. №490 «О развитии искусственного интеллекта в Российской Федерации». – Text: electronic. – https://www.kremlin.ru URL: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/44731
Artificial Intelligence – Text: electronic. – https://absel.ua URL: https://absel.ua/news/tri-tipa-iskusstvennogo-intellekta-ponimanie-ii.htmlobuchenii (date of request: 18.02.2022)
Artificial Intelligence Automation Platforms – Text: electronic. – www.predictiveanalyticstoday.com URL: https://www.predictiveanalyticstoday.com/artificial-intelligence-platforms/ (date of request: 07.07.2022)
Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations (AIOps) – Text: electronic. – www.cio.com URL: https://www.cio.com/article/196239/what-is-aiops-injecting-intelligence-into-it-operations.html (date of request: 07.07.2022)
Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations (AIOps) – Text: electronic. – www.gartner.com URL: https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/aiops-platform (date of request: 07.07.2022)
Искусственный интеллект для ИТ-операций – Text: electronic. – https://networkguru.ru URL: https://networkguru.ru/aiops-artificial-intelligence-for-it-operations/ (date of request: 07.07.2022)
Artificial Intelligence Markup Language AIML – Text: electronic. – https://engati.com URL: https://www.engati.com/glossary/artificial-intelligence-markup-language (date of request: 18.02.2022)