auf Java,” Mittheilungen der anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien, xix. (1889) pp. 7-10. As to the Baduwis (Badoejs) see also G. A. Wilken, Handleiding voor de vergelijkende Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië (Leyden, 1893), pp. 640-643.
416
A. B. Ellis, The Ewe-speaking Peoples of the Slave Coast, p. 107.
417
J. B. Neumann, “Het Pane- en Bila- Stroomgebied op het eiland Sumatra,” Tijdschrift van het Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, dl. iii. (1886) Afdeeling, meer uitgebreide artikelen, No. 2, p. 300.
418
J. Richardson, “Tanala Customs, Superstitions and Beliefs,” The Antananarivo Annual and Madagascar Magazine, Reprint of the First Four Numbers (Antananarivo, 1885), p. 219.
419
W. Cornwallis Harris, The Highlands of Aethiopia, iii. 171 sq.
420
Th. Lefebvre, Voyage en Abyssinie, i. p. lxxii.
421
Lieut. V. L. Cameron, Across Africa (London, 1877), ii. 71; id., in Journal of the Anthropological Institute, vi. (1877) p. 173.
422
Ebn-el-Dyn el-Eghouâthy, “Relation d'un voyage dans l'intérieur de l'Afrique septentrionale,” Bulletin de la Société de Géographie (Paris), IIme Série, i. (1834) p. 290.
423
J. Teit, “The Thompson Indians of British Columbia,” Memoir of the American Museum of Natural History, The Jesup North Pacific Expedition, vol. i. part iv. (April 1900) p. 360.
424
Th. Williams, Fiji and the Fijians.2 i. 249.
425
“Adventures of Andrew Battel,” in Pinkerton's Voyages and Travels, xvi. 330; O. Dapper, Description de l'Afrique, p. 330; A. Bastian, Die deutsche Expedition an der Loango-Küste, i. 262 sq.; R. F. Burton, Abeokuta and the Cameroons Mountains, i. 147.
426
Proyart's “History of Loango, Kakongo,” etc., in Pinkerton's Voyages and Travels, xvi. 584.
427
J. L. Wilson, Western Africa, p. 202; John Duncan, Travels in Western Africa, i. 222. Compare W. W. Reade, Savage Africa, p. 543.
428
Paul Pogge, Im Reiche des Muata Jamwo (Berlin, 1880), p. 231.
429
F. T. Valdez, Six Years of a Traveller's Life in Western Africa (London, 1861), ii. 256.
430
A. F. Mockler-Ferryman, Up the Niger (London, 1892), p. 38.
431
Baron Roger, “Notice sur le gouvernement, les mœurs et les superstitions des Nègres du pays de Walo,” Bulletin de la Société de Géographie (Paris), viii. (1827) p. 351.
432
G. Schweinfurth, The Heart of Africa, ii. 45 (third edition, London, 1878); G. Casati, Ten Years in Equatoria (London and New York, 1891), i. 177. As to the various customs observed by Monbutto chiefs in drinking see G. Burrows, The Land of the Pigmies (London, 1898), pp. 88, 91.
433
J. G. Frazer, Totemism and Exogamy, ii. 526, from information furnished by the Rev. John Roscoe.
434
W. Cornwallis Harris, The Highlands of Aethiopia, iii. 78.
435
A. B. Ellis, The Ewe-speaking Peoples of the Slave Coast, pp. 162 sq.
436
Capt. James Cook, Voyages, v. 374 (ed. 1809).
437
Heraclides Cumanus, in Athenaeus, iv. 26, p. 145 b-d. On the other hand, in Kafa no one, not even the king, may eat except in the presence of a legal witness. A slave is appointed to witness the king's meals, and his office is esteemed honourable. See F. G. Massaja, in Bulletin de la Société de Géographie (Paris), Vme Série, i. (1861) pp. 330 sq.; Ph. Paulitschke, Ethnographie Nordost-Afrikas: die geistige Cultur der Danâkil, Galla und Somâl (Berlin, 1896), pp. 248 sq.
438
Notes analytiques sur les collections ethnographiques du Musée du Congo, I. Les Arts, Religion (Brussels, 1902-1906), p. 164.
439
Mohammed Ibn-Omar el Tounsy, Voyage au Darfour (Paris, 1845), p. 203; Travels of an Arab Merchant [Mohammed Ibn-Omar el Tounsy] in Soudan, abridged from the French (of Perron) by Bayle St. John (London, 1854), pp. 91 sq.
440
Mohammed Ibn-Omar el Tounsy, Voyage au Ouadây (Paris, 1851), p. 375.
441
Ibn Batoutah, Voyages, ed. C. Defrémery et B. R. Sanguinetti (Paris, 1853-1858), iv. 441.
442
Le Commandant Mattei, Bas-Niger, Bénoué, Dahomey (Paris, 1895), pp. 90 sq.
443
H. Ternaux-Compans, Essai sur l'ancien Cundinamarca, p. 60.
444
Manuscrit Ramirez, histoire de l'origine des Indiens qui habitent la Nouvelle Espagne selon leurs traditions, publié par D. Charnay (Paris, 1903), pp. 107 sq.
445
Herodotus, i. 99.
446
A. B. Ellis, The Yoruba-speaking Peoples of the Slave Coast, p. 170.
447
Ebn-el-Dyn el-Eghouathy, “Relation d'un voyage,” Bulletin de la Société de Géographie (Paris), IIme Série, i. (1834) p. 290; H. Duveyrier, Exploration du Sahara: les Touareg du Nord, pp. 391 sq.; Reclus, Nouvelle Géographie Universelle, xi. 838 sq.; James Richardson, Travels in the Great Desert of Sahara, ii. 208.
448
J. Wellhausen, Reste arabischen Heidentums2 (Berlin, 1897), p. 196.
449
Tertullian, De virginibus velandis, 17 (Migne's Patrologia Latina, ii. col. 912).
450
Pseudo-Dicaearchus, Descriptio Graeciae, 18, in Geographi Graeci Minores, ed. C. Müller, i. 103; id., in Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum, ed. C. Müller, ii. 259.
451
G. Turner, Samoa, pp. 67 sq.
452
J. G. F. Riedel, “Die Landschaft Dawan oder West-Timor,” Deutsche geographische Blätter, x. 230.
453
A. W. Howitt, “On some Australian Ceremonies of Initiation,” Journal of the Anthropological Institute, xiii. (1884) p. 456.
This rule was mentioned to me in conversation by Miss Mary H. Kingsley. However, he is said to have shewn himself outside his palace on solemn occasions once or twice a year. See O. Dapper, Description de l'Afrique, pp. 311 sq.; H. Ling Roth, Great Benin, p. 74. As to the worship of the king of Benin, see The Magic
