Phytomicrobiome Interactions and Sustainable Agriculture. Группа авторов

Phytomicrobiome Interactions and Sustainable Agriculture - Группа авторов


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al. 2015). Furthermore, there are few biomolecules, such as flavonoid, strigolactones, and terpenoids, which assist plants in specifically attracting the beneficial counter‐partner through root signals (Vranova et al. 2013; Lareen et al. 2016; Massalha et al. 2017). Mutualistic interactions, nodulation and mycorrhizal interactions, signal perception and transduction such as receptor‐like kinases (RLKs) are the signal‐based interaction of plant and microbes (Lagunas et al. 2015).

      In the consecutive discussion, root excaudate’s role as a messenger that communicates within rhizosphere is examined. This perspective is well defined in root–root communication involved in an allelopathy phenomenon in the rhizosphere, which contributes in agricultural growth, because rhizospheric allelochemicals are protective in nature for plants. Root microbe communication in the rhizosphere may enhance the plant biomass through an increase in nutrition uptake, secretion of phytohormones, and helps in defense of the plant (Robin et al. 2008).

      Plant root exudation indirectly controls resource competition by altering soil chemistry, soil process, and microbial populations, and thus has an important function in plant development. Root exudation possesses the capacity to alter the soil nutrient availability by changing the soil property in the aspect of its chemistry and biology. Root exudate releases mucilaginous substance from root tip of the plant and is a part of exudation quite essential to maintain the water potential (Susan 2018). Root exudate releases plant carbon compounds (border cells and exudates) and primary metabolites into the rhizospheric soil (Canarini et al. 2019). It is important to understand root‐mediated communication between plants and other organisms, which assists in the enhancement of agricultural production and can be useful in reduction in the demand for chemical fertilizer, such as in legume plants.


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S. No. Root exudate component(s) Plant system under study Mechanism References
1 Terpenoid class of compound: strigolactone Recruitment of fungal species and establishment of Arbuscular mycorrhiza Parniske (2008)
2 The isoflavones like daidzein, genistein, and coumestrol Tribe Phaseoleae plants Induces the nod gene expression in their rhizobial partners Dakora (2000)
3 Sugars, sugar acids, amino acids and organic acids Maize root Effect of exudate components on the chemosensory systems of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 Lopez‐Farfan et al. (2019)
4 A class of indole‐derived plant chemical, benzoxazinoids Cereal crops Antifeedant, insecticidal, antimicrobial, and allelopathic activities are related with this exudate component Wouters et al. (2016)
5 A phenolic compound luteolin ‐‐ Acts as a potent and specific inducer of nodABC gene expression in Rhizobium meliloti. Caetano‐Anolles et al. (1988)
6 Catechol and flavonoids catechin, and quercetin Maize (Zea mays L.) Silicon‐induced amelioration of aluminum toxicity Kidd et al. (2001)
7 Benzoxazinoids, secondary metabolites in grasses Maize (Zea mays L.) Effects the interaction between maize and Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Neal et al. (2012)