A Manual of Philippine Birds. Richard C. McGregor
Forehead gray; lower breast pink. luzonica (p. 60)b2. Forehead green like crown; lower breast buff or fawn.c1. A broad chestnut band on wing-coverts. criniger (p. 61)c2. A broad white band on lesser wing-coverts. keayi (p. 62)
a2. Breast-spot orange.b1. Hind breast and upper abdomen pearly ash. menagei (p. 63)b2. Chest and abdomen white. platenæ (p. 64)
51. PHLEGŒNAS LUZONICA (Scopoli).
LUZON PUÑALADA.
Columba luzonica Scopoli, Del Flor. et Faun. Insubr. (1786), 94.
Phlogœnas luzonica Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1893), 21, 585; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 88; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 15.
Pu-ña-lá-da, Manila and generally.
Luzon (Meyer, Everett, Heriot, Steere Exp., Whitehead, McGregor, Celestino).
Adult (sexes similar).—Top of head, from base of bill to hind border of eye, gray; rest of upper parts dark brown, each feather, except rectrices and their coverts, edged with metallic green or purple, according to the light; the edging wider on interscapulars; sides of neck similar to back; chin, throat, and sides of face below eyes pure white; a patch of blood-red on the stiffish feathers of crop, shading into pale salmon on lower breast and abdomen; sides gray; flanks, thighs, and under tail-coverts light buff; primaries and secondaries brown, edges reddish brown, basal half of inner web of primaries cinnamon; greater and median coverts reddish brown with wide gray tips forming two gray bands across each wing; lesser coverts gray; two middle pairs of rectrices brown on upper surface; the other rectrices gray, each with a subterminal black bar.
Length, about 280. A male from Bataan Province, Luzon, measures: Wing, 148; tail, 112; culmen from base, 21; tarsus, 35. A female from the same province measures: Wing, 145; tail, 102; culmen from base, 20; tarsus, 32.
This beautiful dove is often found in the Manila markets; it is a well-known favorite of the Spaniards. The species is commonly known as puñalada which means “stabbed with a dagger.” The Calamianes record of this species is doubtless an error.
52. PHLEGŒNAS CRINIGER (Jacquinot and Pucheran).
HAIR-BREASTED PUÑALADA.
Pampusana criniger Jacquinot and Pucheran, Voy. Pôle Sud. (1853), 3, 118.
Phlogœnas bartletti Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1863), 377, pl. 34.
Phlogœnas crinigera Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1893), 21, 587; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 88; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 15.
Basilan (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Leyte (Whitehead); Mindanao (Everett, Steere Exp.); Samar (Bourns & Worcester).
Adult male and female.—Head, cheeks, neck, and mantle dark metallic green changing to metallic purple; back, rump, and tail-coverts chestnut, some of the feathers with amethystine edges; white of chin and throat extending backward on each side of a large dark red crop-patch; rest of under parts rich buffy brown, lighter on tail-coverts, nearly white on abdomen; alula, primaries, and primary-coverts dark brown; secondaries chestnut; upper lesser coverts brown, edged with metallic green changing to amethystine; remainder of lesser coverts broadly tipped with gray; median and greater coverts chestnut, tipped with gray forming wing-bands; middle tail-feathers chestnut, the others blackish with wide gray tips. A male from Basilan: Length, 280; wing, 153; tail, 110; exposed culmen, 19; tarsus, 36. A female from Basilan: Wing, 145; tail, 95; exposed culmen, 19; tarsus, 34.
“Eyes lilac; legs light pink; feet dark pink; nails nearly white; upper mandible black, lower gray. Seven specimens average as follows: Length, 355; culmen, 21; wing, 146; tail, 95; tarsus, 32; middle toe with claw, 9.
“We consider the Sulu record of this species extremely doubtful. We saw a Phlegœnas there which we failed to obtain. It seems to us more probable, however, from the close relationship of the known birds of Sulu to those of Tawi Tawi that the species in question is P. menagei.
“The habits of the Philippine representatives of this genus are the same. The birds are invariably found on the ground in the forest. They run very rapidly, and in close cover frequently escape in this way without taking wing. When flushed they invariably alight on the ground again, and run rapidly after alighting, so that they are very difficult to kill. P. criniger is fairly abundant in Basilan, but much rarer in Samar.” (Bourns and Worcester MS.)
53. PHLEGŒNAS KEAYI Clarke.
NEGROS PUÑALADA.
Phlogœnas keayi Clarke, Ibis (1900), 359, pl. 8; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 15.
Pe-nes, Negros.
Negros (Keay).
Adult.—“Feathers of the head, upper part of cheeks, hind neck, sides of breast, mantle, and lesser wing-coverts (except the distal series) gray, broadly edged with dark metallic green, changing to amethystine; back and rump purplish chestnut with amethystine margins to feathers; upper tail-coverts purplish chestnut; primaries dusky, with margins of outer webs and basal two-thirds of inner webs chestnut; secondaries chestnut, dusky toward tips of inner webs; greater and median coverts purplish chestnut; lesser coverts with two or three of their distal rows subterminally gray, broadly margined with white, the latter color forming a conspicuous band across wing; lining of wing and under wing-coverts chestnut; central pair of tail-feathers dark chestnut, the remainder gray with a broad subapical band of black; lower part of cheeks, throat, fore neck, breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts white (abdomen washed with fawn in some specimens); flanks and thighs fawn, almost white in some examples; patch on crop-region small and blood-red; pectoral band narrow and incomplete, formed by the metallic green margins to some of the breast feathers. Feet red. Wing, 159; tail, 104; culmen, 18; tarsus, 37.” (Clarke.)
Keay’s blood-breasted pigeon is easily recognized by the conspicuous white band across the wing.
54. PHLEGŒNAS MENAGEI Bourns and Worcester.
TAWI TAWI PUÑALADA.
Phlogœnas menagei Bourns and Worcester, Minnesota Acad. Nat. Sci. Occ. Papers (1894), 1, 10; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 88; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 15.
Tawi Tawi (Bourns & Worcester).
“Adult male.—Entire upper surface of head, nape, hind neck, upper back, sides of neck, and sides of breast rich metallic green; scapulars and interscapulars dark brown, broadly edged with elegant violet when specimen is held between observer and the light, this color changing to deep green when specimen is held away from source of light; rump and upper tail-coverts ruddy brown narrowly edged with metallic colors of back; a few of the longest coverts nearly black, washed with rufous-brown at tips; basal portion of tail-feathers dark ashy gray, the two central feathers darkest; a distinct subterminal band of black on all but central pair of feathers; all the feathers with a terminal gray band, least distinct on central pair; wing-coverts dark brown, broadly tipped with metallic green except outer series, which are broadly tipped with ashy gray; primary- and secondary-coverts and secondaries fulvous-brown, the outer half of outer webs of feathers rich rufous-brown, the inner secondaries having the entire outer web, and tip of inner web, of this color; primaries