Recreations in Astronomy. Henry White Warren
New, and Lost Stars.
SUMMARY OF LATEST DISCOVERIES AND CONCLUSIONS.
SOME ELEMENTS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
EXPLANATION OF ASTRONOMICAL SYMBOLS.
OTHER ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE ALMANAC.
GREEK ALPHABET USED INDICATING THE STARS.
CHAUTAUQUA OUTLINE FOR STUDENTS.
GLOSSARY OF ASTRONOMICAL TERMS AND INDEX.
PREFACE.
All sciences are making an advance, but Astronomy is moving at the double-quick. Since the principles of this science were settled by Copernicus, four hundred years ago, it has never had to beat a retreat. It is rewritten not to correct material errors, but to incorporate new discoveries.
Once Astronomy treated mostly of tides, seasons, and telescopic aspects of the planets; now these are only primary matters. Once it considered stars as mere fixed points of light; now it studies them as suns, determines their age, size, color, movements, chemical constitution, and the revolution of their planets. Once it considered space as empty; now it knows that every cubic inch of it quivers with greater intensity of force than that which is visible in Niagara. Every inch of surface that can be conceived of between suns is more wave-tossed than the ocean in a storm.
The invention of the telescope constituted one era in Astronomy; its perfection in our day, another; and the discoveries of the spectroscope a third—no less important than either of the others.
While nearly all men are prevented from practical experimentation in these high realms of knowledge, few have so little leisure as to be debarred from intelligently enjoying the results of the investigations of others.
This book has been written not only to reveal some of the highest achievements of the human mind, but also to let the heavens declare the glory of the Divine Mind. In the author's judgment, there is no gulf that separates science and religion, nor any conflict where they stand together. And it is fervently hoped that anyone who comes to a better knowledge of God's works through reading this book, may thereby come to a more intimate knowledge of the Worker.
I take great pleasure in acknowledging my indebtedness to J. M. Van Vleck, LL.D., of the U.S. Nautical Almanac staff, and Professor of Astronomy at the Wesleyan University, for inspecting some of the more important chapters; to Dr. S. S. White, of Philadelphia, for telescopic advantages; to Professor Henry Draper, for furnishing, in advance of publication, a photograph of the sun's corona in 1878; and to the excellent work on "Popular Astronomy," by Professor Simon Newcomb, LL.D., Professor U. S. Naval Observatory, for some of the most recent information, and for the use of the unequalled engravings of Jupiter, Saturn, and the great nebula of Orion.
ILLUSTRATIONS
| FIG. | |
| The Constellations of Orion and Taurus | |
| 1. | An Orbit resulting from Attraction and Projection |
| 2. | The Moon's Orbit about the Earth |
| 3. | Changes of Orbit by Mutual Attraction |
| 4. | Velocity of Light measured by Jupiter's Satellites |
| 5. | Velocity of Light measured by Fizeau's Toothed Wheel |
| 6. | White Light resolved into Colors |
| 7. | Showing amount of Light received by Different Planets |
| 8. | Measuring Intensities of Lights |
| 9. | Reflection and Diffusion of Light |
| 10. | Manifold Reflections |
| 11. | Refraction by Water |
| 12. | Atmospherical Reflection |
| 13. | Refracting Telescope |
| 14. | Reflecting Telescope |
| 15. | The Cambridge Equatorial Refractor |
| 16. | The new Reflecting Telescope at Paris |
| 17. | Spectroscope, with Battery of Prisms |
| 18. | Spectra of Glowing Hydrogen and of the Sun |
| 19. | Illustrating Arcs and Angles |
| 20. | Measuring Objects by observing Angles |
| 21. | Mural Circle |
| 22. | Scale to measure Hundredths of an Inch |
| 23. | Spider-lines to determine Star Transits |
| 24. | Illustrating Triangulation |
| 25. | Measuring Distance to an Inaccessible Object |
| 26. | Measuring Elevation of an Inaccessible Object |
| 27. | Illustrating Parallax |
| 28. | Illustrating Stellar Parallax |
| 29. |
Mode of Ascertaining Longitude
|