An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England. Edward Potts Cheyney
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Edward Potts Cheyney
An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England
Published by Good Press, 2019
EAN 4064066240998
Table of Contents
An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England
INDUSTRIAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND
THE GROWTH OF THE FRENCH NATION
A STUDENT'S HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES
TOPICS ON GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY
THE GROWTH OF THE AMERICAN NATION
AMERICAN HISTORY TOLD BY CONTEMPORARIES
SOURCE BOOK OF AMERICAN HISTORY
SELECT CHARTERS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS
A HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES FOR BEGINNERS
PREFACE
This text-book is intended for college and high-school classes. Most of the facts stated in it have become, through the researches and publications of recent years, such commonplace knowledge that a reference to authority in each case has not seemed necessary. Statements on more doubtful points, and such personal opinions as I have had occasion to express, although not supported by references, are based on a somewhat careful study of the sources. To each chapter is subjoined a bibliographical paragraph with the titles of the most important secondary authorities. These works will furnish a fuller account of the matters that have been treated in outline in this book, indicate the original sources, and give opportunity and suggestions for further study. An introductory chapter and a series of narrative paragraphs prefixed to other chapters are given with the object of correlating matters of economic and social history with other aspects of the life of the nation.
My obligation and gratitude are due, as are those of all later students, to the group of scholars who have within our own time laid the foundations of the study of economic history, and whose names and books will be found referred to in the bibliographical paragraphs.
EDWARD P. CHEYNEY.
University of Pennsylvania,
January, 1901.
An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England
INDUSTRIAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND
CHAPTER I
GROWTH OF THE NATION
To the Middle of the Fourteenth Century
1. The Geography of England.—The British Isles lie northwest of the Continent of Europe. They are separated from it by the Channel and the North Sea, at the narrowest only twenty miles wide, and at the broadest not more than three hundred.
The greatest length of England from north to south is three hundred and sixty-five miles, and its greatest breadth some two hundred and eighty miles. Its area, with Wales, is 58,320 square miles, being somewhat more than one-quarter the size of France or of Germany, just one-half the size of Italy, and somewhat larger than either Pennsylvania or New York.
The backbone of the island is near the western coast, and consists of a body of hard granitic and volcanic rock rising into mountains of two or three thousand feet in height. These do not form one continuous chain but are in several detached groups. On the eastern flank of these mountains and underlying all the rest of the island is a series of stratified rocks. The harder portions of these strata still stand up as long ridges—the "wolds," "wealds," "moors," and "downs" of the more eastern and south-eastern parts